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Rose Philippine Duchesne
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Saint Rose Philippine Duchesne (August 29, 1769 - November 18, 1852), was a Catholic nun and French saint, she was born in Grenoble, France and died in St. Charles, Missouri. She, along with Madeleine Sophie Barat founded the Society of the Sacred Heart.
Founder in America of the first houses of the Society of the Sacred Heart, she was the daughter of Pierre-Francois Duchesne, an eminent lawyer. Her mother was a Perier, ancestor of Casimir-Perier, President of France in 1894. She was educated by the Visitation Nuns, entered that order, saw its dispersion during the Reign of Terror, vainly attempted the re-establishment of the convent of Ste-Marie-d'en-Haut, near Grenoble, and finally, in 1804, accepted the offer of Mother Barat to receive her community into the Society of the Sacred Heart.
From early childhood the dream of Philippine had been the apostolate of souls: heathen in distant lands, the neglected and poor at home. Nature and
grace combined to fit her for this high vocation; education, suffering, above all, the guidance of Mother Barat trained her to become the pioneer of her order in the New world. In 1818 Mother Duchesne set out with four companions for the missions of America.
Bishop Dubourg welcomed her to
New Orleans, whence she sailed up the
Mississippi to
St. Louis, finally settling her little colony at St. Charles.
"Poverty and Christian heroism are here", she wrote, "and trials are the riches of priests in this land." Cold, hunger, and illness; opposition, ingratitude, and calumny, all that came to try the courage of this missioner, served only to fire her lofty and indomitable spirit with new zeal for the spread of truth. Other foundations followed, at Florissant, Grand Côteau, New Orleans, St. Louis, St. Michael; and the approbation of the society in 1826 by Leo XII recognized the good being done in these parts. She yearned to teach the poor Indians, and old and broken as she was, she went to labour among the Pottowatomies at Sugar Creek, thus realizing the desire of her life. Stirred by the recitals of Father De Smet, S.J., she turned her eyes towards the Rocky Mountain missions; but Providence led her back to St. Charles, where she died.
34 years of mission toil, disappointment, endurance, and self-annihilation sufficed, indeed, to prove the worth of this valiant daughter of Mother Barat. She had opened the road, others might walk in it; and the success hidden from her eyes was well seen later by the many who rejoiced in the rapid spread of her order over North and South America. Sincere, intense, generous, austere yet affectionate, endowed with large capacity for suffering and work, Mother Duchesne's was a stern character that needed and took the moulding of Mother Barat. She was canonized on July 3, 1988, by Pope John Paul II.
Of current (2006) interest, the City of St. Louis has sued the long deceased saint in an eminent domain battle. (See St Louis Post Dispatch "Eminent domain tussle near Soulard" 12/30/2006 at stltoday.com )
