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Nikon Corporation (株式会社ニコン Nikon Kabushiki-gaisha?) listen (TYO: 7731 ), also known as Nikon or Nikon Corp., is a Japanese company specializing in optics and imaging. Its products include cameras, binoculars, microscopes, measurement instruments, and the steppers used in the photolithography steps of semiconductor fabrication. It was founded in 1917 as Nihon (Nippon); the company was renamed Nikon Corporation, after its cameras, in 1988. Nikon is one of the Mitsubishi companies. The name Nikon, which dates from 1946, is a merging of Nippon Kōgaku (日本光学: "Japan Optical") and an imitation of Zeiss Ikon. Nikon is pronounced differently around the world. The Japanese pronunciation of the name is /nikoɴ/, but in the West people also use /ˈnaɪkɒn/ and /ˈnɪkɒn/.[1]
Nikon's main competitors include Canon, Sony, Pentax, Fujifilm and Olympus.
HistoryNikon Corporation was established in 1917 when two leading optical manufacturers merged to form a comprehensive, fully integrated optical company known as Nippon Kogaku K.K. Over the next 60 years this growing company became a leading manufacturer of optical lenses and precision equipment used in cameras, binoculars, microscopes and inspection equipment. During World War II the company grew to 19 factories and 23,000 employees, supplying items such as binoculars, lenses, bomb sights and periscopes to the Japanese military. After the war it reverted to its civilian product range with a single factory. Nikon lenses were popularised by Douglas David Duncan's use at the time of the war in Korea. Fitting Nikon optics to his Leica rangefinder cameras produced high contrast negatives with bitingly sharp resolution at the centre field.[1]
In 1982, Nikon Precision Inc. (NPI) was established in the United States. NPI is the North American sales and service arm specifically for Nikon Corporation's semiconductor photolithography equipment and is headquartered in Belmont, California. Fueled by a rapidly growing customer base, the company quickly expanded. In 1990, NPI opened its current headquarters and the facility now includes corporate offices, a fully equipped world-wide training center (WWTC), service operations, applications engineering, technology engineering, quality and reliability engineering, training, technical support, sales, and marketing for Nikon equipment serving the wafer, photomask, flat panel display, and thin-film magnetic head industries. Today, NPI is an industry leader in supplying and supporting advanced photolithography equipment used in the critical stages of semiconductor manufacturing. Nikon Corporation also has research and development operations in the U.S. under Nikon Research Corporation of America (NRCA), which directly supports R&D efforts of the Precision Equipment Division in Kumagaya, Japan. By leveraging its strong and long-standing customer relationships, global brand recognition, and technological expertise, Nikon has positioned themselves to maintain their market leadership through its emphasis on leading-edge research and development and its ability to adapt its products to meet its customers' rapidly changing needs. Today, Nikon Group Companies total nearly 17,000 employees worldwide. In January 2006, Nikon announced it would stop making most of its film camera models and all of its large format lenses, and focus on digital models[2]. [1] Articles in various publications, and reported directly to me by a friend ex-USAF WWII, believed used in 'The Nikon Story' periodical pubs and distributed by "Gray's of Westminster" London Nikon Camera dealership when building their business.(Photo44 23:36, 27 March 2007 (UTC)). ShareholdersNikon is listed in the Tokyo Stock Exchange under number 7731. (As of September 2004)
HoldingsThe companies held by Nikon form the Nikon Group CamerasTemplate:Commonscat In January 2006 Nikon announced [1] it will stop production of all but two models of its film cameras, focusing its efforts on the digital camera market. It will continue to produce the low-end FM10 and high-end F6, and announced a commitment to service all of the film cameras for a period of ten years after production ceases. [2] Film 35 mm SLR cameras with manual focusImage:Nikonf.jpg Nikon F (1959-1972)
Film APS SLR cameras
Film 35 mm SLR cameras with autofocus
Rangefinder camerasImage:Sp-s3w.jpg Nikon SP (top) & S3 (bottom) rangefinder cameras
Digital compact camerasDigital single lens reflex camerasProfessional range Semi-pro range Image:Nikon-D200-IMG 0240.JPG Nikon D200
prosumer range entry-level range Nikon's raw image format format is NEF, for Nikon Electronic File. The "DSCN" prefix for image files stands for "Digital Still Camera - Nikon." OpticsImage:35mmPC500.jpg The world's first PC lens in the 35 mm format: the 1961 35 mm f/3.5 PC-Nikkor. Lenses for 35 mm and digital single-lens reflex cameras
Sport opticsBinoculars
Spotting scopes
Other lenses
Flash gunsImage:D80 4271 sb600.jpg A Nikon SB-600 Speedlight Nikon uses the term Speedlight for their electronic flash guns. Nikon Speedlights
Nikon Marine Speedlights
Nikon Bulb Flash Units
Film scannersImage:Coolscan-V.jpg Right: Nikon's Coolscan V ED
References in popular cultureA "Nikon camera" occurs in the lyrics to
The character 'Lord Nikon' played by Laurence Mason in the movie Hackers is inspired by the company name, and the company logos are also imitated in the movie. In the film Death Wish 3, Paul Kersey (played by Charles Bronson) successfully lures a criminal into the open by using an expensive Nikon camera as bait. The criminal steals the camera and is immediately shot by Paul Kersey. The lead character in Brewster McCloud steals a brand new Nikon F from a Houston, TX camera store, which he uses to photograph exotic birds at the Houston Zoo. In the James Bond film Diamonds Are Forever, the hitmen Mr. Wint and Mr. Kidd are seen with a Nikon F. In the television series CSI, Nikon is the only camera featured. Notes and referencesSee also
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