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PublicationMagazine publication schedules can vary wildly. Typically, magazines which focus primarily on current events, such as Newsweek or Entertainment Weekly, are published weekly or biweekly. Magazines with a narrow focus on specific interests, such as Cat Fancy, may be published less frequently, such as monthly, bimonthly or quarterly. The magazine will usually have a date on the cover which often times is later than the date it is actually published. They are often printed in color on coated paper, and are bound with a soft cover. Current magazines are generally available at bookstores and newsstands, while subscribers can receive them in the mail. Magazines are also published on the internet. Many magazines are available on both the internet and in hard copy, usually in different versions, though some are only available in hard copy or only via the internet; the latter are known as online magazines. Most magazines are available in the whole of the country in which they are published, although some are distributed only in specific regions or cities. Others are available internationally, often in different editions for each country or area of the world, varying to some degree in editorial and advertising content but not entirely dissimilar. CategoriesMagazines fall into two broad categories: consumer magazines and business magazines. In practice, magazines are a subset of periodicals, distinct from those periodicals produced by scientific, artistic, academic or special interest publishers which are subscription-only, more expensive, narrowly limited in circulation, and often have little or no advertising. Many business magazines are available only, or predominantly, on subscription. In some cases these subscriptions are available to any person prepared to pay; in others, free subscriptions are available to readers who meet a set of criteria established by the publisher. This practice, known as controlled circulation, is intended to guarantee to advertisers that the readership is relevant to their needs. Very often the two models, of paid-for subscriptions and controlled circulation, are mixed. Advertising is also an important source of revenue for business magazines. Other publicationsAlthough similar to a magazine in some respects, an academic periodical featuring scholarly articles written in a more specialist register is usually called an "academic journal". Such publications typically carry little or no advertising. Articles are vetted by referees or a board of esteemed academics in the subject area. Periodical is the word usually used to describe magazines, journals, newspapers, newsletters, and anything else that is published in regular intervals for an indefinite period of time, but serial is sometimes used, especially in library and information science. Many weekend newspapers incorporate magazine supplements, such as Parade and LIFE in its most recent incarnation, both in the USA, and the Sunday Times Magazine in the UK. The Gentleman's Magazine, first published in 1731, is considered to have been the first general-interest magazine. The oldest consumer magazine still in print is The Scots Magazine, which was first published in 1739, though multiple changes in ownership and gaps in publication totaling over 90 years weaken that claim. Lloyd’s List was founded in Edward Lloyd’s London coffee shop in 1734; it is still published as a daily business newspaper. The most widely distributed magazine in the world is Awake! (founded in 1919). Its worldwide circulation including all editions comprises 34.3 million copies[citation needed]. See alsoImage:Zeitschriften.JPG Magazines
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