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List of metropolitan areas by population - Americola, the celebrity encyclopedia

List of metropolitan areas by population

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Largest city redirects here. For a list of the most populous cities within administrative limits, see List of cities by population. For a list of urban areas, see List of urban areas by population. See also historical urban community sizes for historical data.

This page lists the 100 largest Metropolitan Areas of the world, ranked by population. This is a controversial issue rather difficult to quantify, as unlike national subdivisions, there are no consistently defined borders for such an area. Many of the figures for individual cities are highly controversial, and in some cases numbers which differ by millions are given by different sources. In some countries there are official definitions, but they are not consistent on a global basis, nor even necessarily within countries. In addition, the underlying structure of different metropolitan areas varies: comparing a highly centralised city with an agglomeration of smaller settlements may not be very meaningful. Commuting patterns and other aspects of urban behaviour which underlie the metro area concept differ greatly around the world. Thus, all population figures for specific metro areas should be treated as interpretations rather than hard facts, and rankings and comparisons of metros should be treated with great caution.

Three main definitions

Three main definitions for the extent of a city:

  • A morphological definition based on the urbanized area, which is usually defined as the continuous built-up area with the maximum allowable gap between structures of typically 200 m. This morphological definition is an efficient way of defining the visible city for inhabitants, especially from satellite or aerial view and because it is independent of political boundaries. For statistical convenience, such areas are sometimes adjusted to appropriate administrative limits, sometimes including rural areas within the adjusted boundaries. The urban area definition is what would traditionally be called "the city" with limits that can easily be delineated from the air and is not dependent on how a country is administratively subdivided.
  • A functional definition, which is the traditional concept of a Metropolitan Area. This definition is based on commuting from home to work. Commuter flow thresholds into the core urban area are established by the national census authority to determine which areas are included or not in the metropolitan area. This definition, however, often encompasses large periurban rural areas that are not usually considered as "cities".
  • An administrative definition, typically based on a municipality (city proper) or equivalent entity, or sometimes a group of municipalities under a regional government. While statistical data for administrative divisions are easy to collect, they often do not reflect the true extent of the city.

Definitions used here

Most of the data for this list were compiled from the 2005 urban agglomeration population figures from the United Nations 2005 World Urbanization Prospects Report.[1] These figures represent a single urban/employment center and its immediately surrounding suburban areas. Figures with notations are from the indicated sources instead of the UN report.

Unless otherwise specified, figures are based on rough estimates for the year 2005 and rounded to the nearest 1,000. Despite the standing of the organisation behind the figures, the appropriateness and consistency of the boundaries used is controversial and the aforementioned warnings apply.

Rank Metropolitan area name Country Definition Area Population estimate Population density
km² mi² per km² per mi²
1 Tokyo (Greater Tokyo Area) Flag of Japan Japan Metropolitan employment area 13,500 5,210 31,729,844[2][3]
(2000) 		2,610 6,760
2 Seoul (Seoul National Capital Area) Image:Flag of South Korea (bordered).svg Republic of Korea Official Metropolitan Area (Special City) 11,790 4,550 22,770,000[4] 1,996 5,170
3 Mexico City (Greater Mexico City) Flag of Mexico Earth Official metropolitan area (ZMVM) 7,815[5] 3,015 19,411,000 2,484 6,433
4 New York City (New York metropolitan area) Flag of United States United States Metropolitan Statistical Area 17,405 6,720 18,747,320[6] 1,077 2,790
5 São Paulo (Greater São Paulo Area) Flag of Brazil Brazil Official Metropolitan Area (Grande São Paulo ) 8,050 3,110 18,333,000 2,277 5,897
6 Mumbai (Bombay) (Mumbai Metropolitan Area) Image:Flag of India.svg India Administrative Area (MMRDA) 4,360 1,680 18,196,000 4,206 10,893
7 Delhi (National Capital Territory of Delhi) Image:Flag of India.svg India Administrative area (NCT) 1,480 570 15,048,000 10,360 26,832
8 Shanghai Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg People's Republic of China Municipality (excluding counties in 2000) 3,920 1,514 14,503,000 3,700 9,583
9 Kolkata (Calcutta) (Kolkata Metropolitan Area) Image:Flag of India.svg India Administrative Area (KMD) 1,780 690 14,277,000 8,033 20,805
10 Moscow Flag of Russia Russia Urban Area 2,150 830 13,400,000[7] 6,232 16,141
11 Jakarta (Jabotabek Metropolitan Area) Image:Flag of Indonesia (bordered).svg Indonesia Urban area 1,360 530 13,215,000 9,701 25,125
12 Los Angeles (Greater Los Angeles Area) Flag of United States United States Metropolitan Statistical Area 12,562 4,850 12,923,547[6] 1,028 2,663
13 Buenos Aires (Aglomerado Gran Buenos Aires) Image:Flag of Argentina.svg Argentina Metropolitan Area 3,680 1,420 12,550,000 3,627 9,394
14 Dhaka Image:Flag of Bangladesh.svg Bangladesh Official Metropolitan Area (Dhaka Megacity) 1,600 620 12,430,000 7,850 20,331
15 Osaka Flag of Japan Japan Metropolitan employment area 12,116,540[2][8](excludes Kobe and Kyoto)
(2000)
16 London (London commuter belt) Flag of United Kingdom United Kingdom Larger Urban Zone[9] 8,920 3,444 11,624,807
(2001) 		1,303 3,375
17 Karachi Image:Flag of Pakistan (bordered).svg Pakistan City District 3,530 1,360 11,608,000 3,348 8,671
18 Paris (Île-de-France) Flag of France France Larger Urban Zone[10] 12,012 4,637 11,491,000[11]
(1.1.2006 est.) 		957 2,478
19 Rio de Janeiro Flag of Brazil Brazil Official Metropolitan Area 5,000 1,930 11,469,000 2,294 5,941
20 Istanbul Image:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey Istanbul Province 5,315 2,050 11,332,000[12] 2,132 5,528
21 Cairo (Greater Cairo) Image:Flag of Egypt.svg Egypt Metropolitan Area 1,310 510 11,128,000[citation needed] 8,508 22,036
22 Lagos Image:Flag of Nigeria.svg Nigeria Urban Area 640 250 10,886,000 17,398 45,061
23 Beijing Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg People's Republic of China Municipality (excluding counties in 2000) 7,860 3,034 10,717,000 1,363 3,530
24 Manila (Metro Manila) Flag of Philippines Philippines Administrative area (Metro Manila) 640 250 10,686,000 16,683 43,209
25 Chicago (Chicagoland) Flag of United States United States Metropolitan Statistical Area 18,679 7,212 9,443,356[6] 506 1,311
26 Guangzhou Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg People's Republic of China Prefecture-level city
(excluding county-level cities') 		7,260 2,803 8,425,000
27 Lima–Callao (Lima Metropolitan Area) Image:Flag of Peru.svg Peru Lima Metropolitana Region 2,819 1,088 8,187,398[13]
28 Bogotá–Soacha Image:Flag of Colombia.svg Colombia Metropolitan Area 1,980 760 7,881,556[14]
29 Tehran Image:Flag of Iran.svg Iran City proper 660 1,709 7,314,000 11,082 28,702
30 Shenzhen Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg People's Republic of China Prefecture-level city 1,950 5,050 7,233,000
31 Wuhan Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg People's Republic of China Prefecture-level city (excluding counties) 8,490 3,280 7,093,000
32 Hong Kong Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg People's Republic of China Special Administrative area 1,100 420 7,041,000 6,529 16,910
33 Tianjin Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg People's Republic of China Municipality (excluding counties) 7,130[citation needed] 18,467 7,040,000
34 Chennai (Madras) Image:Flag of India.svg India Administrative area (Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority) 1,180 460 6,916,000 5,860 15,177
35 Taipei (Taipei-Keelung metropolitan area) Image:Flag of the Republic of China.svg Republic of China Taiwan Metropolitan Area (Consists of Taipei City, Taipei County, and Keelung City) 2,457 948 6,646,503[15]
(2000) 		2,748 6,970
36 Bangkok (Bangkok Metropolitan Area) Flag of Thailand Thailand Official Metropolitan Area 1,570 610 6,593,000 4,206 10,893
37 Bangalore Image:Flag of India.svg India Administrative area (BMRDA) 1,280 490 6,462,000 5,103 13,217
38 Chongqing Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg People's Republic of China Municipality
(excluding counties and county-level cities) 		7,490 6,363,000
39 Lahore Image:Flag of Pakistan (bordered).svg Pakistan City district 1,770 680 6,289,000
40 Johannesburg (Greater Johannesburg Metropolitan Area) Image:Flag of South Africa.svg South Africa Metropolitan area (Composed of Johannesburg, Ekurhuleni, and West Rand District) 6,239,745[16]
(2001)
41 Hyderabad Image:Flag of India.svg India Administrative area (HUDA) 1,860 720 6,115,000 3,288 8,493
42 Kinshasa Image:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg Democratic Republic of the Congo Province-level city (urban population) 9,960 3,850 6,049,000
43 Madrid (Madrid metropolitan area) Flag of Spain Spain Larger Urban Zone[17] 8,023 6,008,183
(2006 INE estimate)
44 Baghdad Image:Flag of Iraq.svg Iraq Governorate (province) 730 280 5,904,000 8,096 20,969
45 Philadelphia (Delaware Valley) Flag of United States United States Metropolitan Statistical Area 11,991 5,823,233[6] 486 1,259
46 Dallas (Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex) Flag of United States United States Metropolitan Statistical Area 23,283 60,303 5,819,475[6] 250 647
47 Santiago Flag of Chile Chile Metropolitan area (Gran Santiago) 2,350 9110 5,683,000 2,418 6,262
48 Toronto (Greater Toronto Area) Flag of Canada Canada Official Metropolitan Area (GTA) 7,125 2,751 5,555,912[18]
(2006 census) 		780 2,020
49 Miami (South Florida) Flag of United States United States Metropolitan statistical area 13,275 34,382 5,422,200[6] 408 1,057
50 Ruhr Area Flag of Germany Germany Larger Urban Zone[19] 4,434 11,484 5,359,228
(2001)
51 Nagoya (Chukyo Metropolitan Area) Flag of Japan Japan Metropolitan employment area 5,318,500[2][20]
(2000)
52 Saint Petersburg Flag of Russia Russia Administrative Area (Gorod) 1,150 440 5,312,000 4,619 12,073
53 Barcelona Flag of Spain Spain Larger Urban Zone[21] 7,755 20,085 5,309,404
(2006 INE estimate)
54 Belo Horizonte Flag of Brazil Brazil Official Metropolitan Area 9,190 3,550 5,304,000
55 Houston (Greater Houston) Flag of United States United States Metropolitan Statistical Area 23,124 59,891 5,280,077[6] 228 591
56 Washington, D.C. (Washington Metropolitan Area) Flag of United States United States Metropolitan Statistical Area 5,214,666[6]
57 Ahmedabad Image:Flag of India.svg India Administrative area (AUDA) 1,300 500 5,120,000
58 Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon) Flag of Vietnam Vietnam Municipality (urban population) 2,090 810 5,065,000
59 Berlin Flag of Germany Germany Larger Urban Zone[22] 17,405 45,079 4,935,524
(2001) 		284 736
60 Atlanta (Atlanta Metropolitan Area) Flag of United States United States Metropolitan statistical area 4,917,717[6]
61 Shenyang Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg People's Republic of China Prefecture-level city (excluding counties) 3,460 8,961 4,720,000
62 Khartoum–Khartoum North–Omdurman Image:Flag of Sudan.svg Sudan Urban area (administrative boundaries) 4,518,000
63 Detroit (Metro Detroit) Flag of United States United States Metropolitan Statistical Area 4,488,335[6]
64 Boston (Greater Boston) Flag of United States United States Metropolitan Statistical Area 4,411,835[6]
65 Pune Image:Flag of India.svg India Urban area 700 270 4,409,000 6,407 16,594
66 Kuala Lumpur (Klang Valley) Image:Flag of Malaysia.svg Malaysia Urban area 4,400,000[7]
67 Sydney Flag of Australia Australia Metropolitan Area (Statistical Division) 12,140 4,690 4,331,000
68 Singapore Image:Flag of Singapore (bordered).svg Singapore City proper 690 270 4,326,000 6,336 16,410
69 Dongguan Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg People's Republic of China Prefecture-level city 2,460 6,371 4,320,000
70 Riyadh Image:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia City proper 1,550 600 4,193,000
71 Hanoi Flag of Vietnam Vietnam Metropolitan Area 2,150 830 4,164,000
72 San Francisco (San Francisco Bay Area) Flag of United States United States Metropolitan Statistical Area 4,152,688[6][23]
73 Bandung Image:Flag of Indonesia (bordered).svg Indonesia Urban area 220 80 4,126,000 18,273 47,327
74 Chittagong Image:Flag of Bangladesh.svg Bangladesh Official Metropolitan Area (census definition) 990 380 4,114,000 4,213 10,912
75 Yangon (Rangoon) Image:Flag of Myanmar.svg Myanmar Urban area 350 140 4,107,000 11,663 30,207
76 Chengdu Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg People's Republic of China Prefecture-level city (excluding counties) 2,130 4,065,000
77 Guadalajara Flag of Mexico Earth Official Metropolitan Area 2,730 1,050 3,968,000
78 Xi'an Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg People's Republic of China Prefecture-level city (excluding counties) 3,550 3,926,000
79 Milan Flag of Italy Italy Larger Urban Zone[24] 2,767 7,166 3,904,882
(2001)
80 Athens Flag of Greece Greece Larger Urban Zone[25] 3,807 9,860 3,894,573
(2001)
81 Phoenix (Valley of the Sun) Flag of United States United States Metropolitan Statistical Area 3,865,077[6]
82 Porto Alegre Flag of Brazil Brazil Metropolitan Area 9,890 3,820 3,795,000 384 993
83 Alexandria Image:Flag of Egypt.svg Egypt Governorate 2,970 1,150 3,770,000
84 Rome Flag of Italy Italy Larger Urban Zone[26] 5,352 13,862 3,700,424
(2001)
85 Harbin Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg People's Republic of China Prefecture-level city
(excluding counties and county-level cities) 		4,280 11,085 3,695,000
86 Montreal (Greater Montreal Area) Flag of Canada Canada Census metropolitan area 4,259 1,644 3,635,571[27]
(2006 census) 		854 2,211
87 Melbourne Flag of Australia Australia Metropolitan area (Statistical Division) 8,694[citation needed] 3,626,000
88 Nanjing Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg People's Republic of China Prefecture-level city (excluding counties) 6,600 17,094 3,621,000
89 Monterrey Flag of Mexico Earth Official Metropolitan Area 4,010 1,550 3,596,000
90 Abidjan Image:Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg Côte d'Ivoire City proper 550 210 3,577,000 6,393 16,558
91 Ankara Image:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey Metropolitan Municipality 2,500 970 3,573,000
92 Surat Image:Flag of India.svg India Urban area 200 80 3,557,000 18,355 47,539
93 Busan (Pusan) Image:Flag of South Korea (bordered).svg Republic of Korea City proper (Busan City) 760 290 3,554,000 4,641 12,020
94 Recife Flag of Brazil Brazil Metropolitan Area 2,770 1,070 3,527,000
95 Guiyang Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg People's Republic of China Prefecture-level city (urban population) 3,447,000
96 Pyongyang Image:Flag of North Korea.svg DPR Korea City proper 2,110 810 3,351,000
97 Brasilia Flag of Brazil Brazil Metropolitan Area (RIDE) 14,400 5,560 3,341,000
98 Salvador Flag of Brazil Brazil Metropolitan Area 2,340 900 3,331,000
99 Medellín Image:Flag of Colombia.svg Colombia Metropolitan Area 3,312,165[14]
100 Fortaleza Flag of Brazil Brazil Metropolitan Area 4,950 1,910 3,237,000

Distribution by country

Country Number of top 100 metropolitan areas Combined population
Image:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg People's Republic of China 15 96,209,000
Flag of United States United States 13 90,509,526
Image:Flag of India.svg India 9 80,100,000
Flag of Brazil Brazil 8 52,337,000
Flag of Japan Japan 3 49,164,844
Flag of Mexico Earth 3 26,975,000
Image:Flag of South Korea (bordered).svg Republic of Korea 2 26,324,000
Flag of Russia Russia 2 19,062,000
Image:Flag of Pakistan (bordered).svg Pakistan 2 17,897,000
Image:Flag of Indonesia (bordered).svg Indonesia 2 17,341,000
Image:Flag of Bangladesh.svg Bangladesh 2 16,544,000
Image:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey 2 14,905,000
Image:Flag of Egypt.svg Egypt 2 14,898,000
Image:Flag of Argentina.svg Argentina 1 12,550,000
Flag of United Kingdom United Kingdom 1 11,624,807
Flag of France France 1 11,491,000
Flag of Spain Spain 2 11,317,587
Image:Flag of Colombia.svg Colombia 2 11,193,721
Image:Flag of Nigeria.svg Nigeria 1 10,886,000
Flag of Philippines Philippines 1 10,686,000
Flag of Germany Germany 2 10,294,752
Flag of Vietnam Vietnam 2 9,229,000
Flag of Canada Canada 2 8,952,000
Image:Flag of Peru.svg Peru 1 8,187,398
Flag of Australia Australia 2 7,957,000
Flag of Italy Italy 2 7,605,306
Image:Flag of Iran.svg Iran 1 7,314,000
Image:Flag of the Republic of China.svg Republic of China 1 6,646,503
Flag of Thailand Thailand 1 6,593,000
Image:Flag of South Africa.svg