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A combination of naval interests—the German navy wanted to link its bases in the Baltic and the North Sea without sailing around Denmark—and commercial pressure encouraged the development of a new canal. In June 1887, construction works started at Holtenau near Kiel. It took the 9,000 workers eight years to build. On June 21 1895 the canal was officially opened by Kaiser Wilhelm II for transiting from Brunsbüttel to Holtenau. A ceremony was held in Holtenau where Wilhelm II named it the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Kanal, and laid the final stone. In order to meet the increasing traffic and the demands of the navy, between 1907 and 1914 the canal width was increased. The widening of the canal allowed the passage of a Dreadnought sized battleship. This meant that these battleships could travel from the Baltic to the North Sea without having to go around Denmark. The enlargement projects were completed by the installation of two larger canal locks in Brunsbüttel and Holtenau.
OperationThere are detailed traffic rules for the canal [1]. Each vessel in passage is classified in one of six traffic groups according to its dimensions. Depending on their classification, ships may be obliged to accept assistance of a tugboat, or to accept pilots or specialised canal helmsmen. Furthermore, there are regulations regarding the passing of oncoming ships. In some cases a ship is required to moor at the bollards provided at intervals along the canal to allow the passage of oncoming traffic. Special rules apply to pleasure craft. Image:KielCanalView.jpg View south-west from the aft lounge of the cruise ship Norwegian Dream. While most large, modern cruise ships cannot pass through this canal due to clearance limits under bridges, one medium sized ship, the M. S. Norwegian Dream has special funnels and masts that can be lowered for passage. A typical Baltic cruise for this ship is Dover, England, through the Kiel Canal and across the Baltic to stops in Tallinn, Estonia; St. Petersburg, Russia; Helsinki, Finland; Stockholm, Sweden; Copenhagen, Denmark and Oslo, Norway; returning to Dover via the North Sea. External linkda:Kielerkanalen de:Nord-Ostsee-Kanal et:Kieli kanal es:Canal de Kiel fr:Canal de Kiel it:Canale di Kiel hu:Kieli-csatorna nl:Noord-Oostzeekanaal ja:キール運河 pl:Kanał Kiloński pms:Canal ëd Kiel ru:Кильский канал sr:Килски канал fi:Kielin kanava sv:Kielkanalen tr:Kiel Kanalı
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