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Image:Iron Age Italy.png Hypothetical distribution of languages in Iron Age Italy during the sixth century BC. The Italic subfamily is a member of the Centum branch of the Indo-European language family. It includes the Romance languages (including Italian, Catalan, French, Portuguese, Romanian and Spanish), and a number of extinct languages.
Italic has two known branches:
The Italic speakers were not native to Italy, but migrated into the Italian Peninsula in the course of the 2nd millennium BC, and were apparently related to the Celtic tribes that roamed over a large part of Western Europe at the time. Archaeologically, the Apennine culture (inhumations) enters the Italian Peninsula from ca. 1350 BC, east to west; the Iron Age reaches Italy from ca. 1100 BC, with the Villanovan culture (cremating), intruding north to south. Before the Italic arrival, Italy was populated primarily by non-Indo-European groups (perhaps including the Etruscans). The first settlement on the Palatine hill dates to ca. 750 BC, settlements on the Quirinal to 720 BC (see Founding of Rome). The ancient Venetic language, as revealed by its inscriptions (including complete sentences), was also closely related to the Italic languages and is sometimes even classified as Italic. However, since it also shares similarities with other Western Indo-European branches (particularly Germanic), some linguists prefer to consider it an independent Indo-European language.
As Rome extended its political dominion over the whole of the Italian Peninsula, so too did Latin become dominant over the other Italic languages, which ceased to be spoken perhaps sometime in the 1st century AD. From so-called Vulgar Latin the Romance languages emerged. See alsoReferences
an:Luengas italicas ast:Llingües itáliques az:İtalik qrupu bg:Италийски езици ca:Llengües itàliques cs:Italické jazyky de:Italische Sprachen el:Ιταλικές γλώσσες es:Lenguas itálicas fr:Langues italiques ko:이탈리아어파 hr:Italski jezici id:Bahasa Italik is:Ítalísk tungumál it:Lingue italiche he:שפות איטליות la:Linguae Italicae lt:Italikų kalbos hu:Italikus nyelvek nl:Italische talen ja:イタリック語派 no:Italiske språk oc:Lengas romanicas pl:Języki italskie pt:Línguas itálicas ro:Limbile italice ru:Италийские языки sk:Italické jazyky sl:Italski jeziki fi:Itaaliset kielet sv:Italiska språk th:ภาษากลุ่มอิตาลิก vi:Nhóm ngôn ngữ gốc Ý zh:意大利语族
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