The peace treaty was signed sixteen months after Egyptian President Anwar Sadat's visit to Israel in 1978 after intense negotiation. Even after the landmark Camp David agreements, there was no certainty that a treaty would be signed. Egypt was under intense pressure from Arab countries not to sign a separate peace treaty. Prime Minister of IsraelMenahem Begin was refusing to allow any framework for realistic negotiations about Palestinian independence for autonomy.
In a separate Israel-US Memorandum of Agreement, concluded on the same day, the United States spelled out its commitments to Israel in case the treaty is violated, the role of the UN and the future supply of military and economic aid to Israel. Egypt also subsequently received US military and financial aid.
The treaty proposed a linkage between peace with Egypt and Palestinian autonomy that was never implemented in practice.
(The preceding agreements should not be considered "Arab-Israeli" diplomacy as prior to 1948 there were no "Israelis" in the sense of belonging to a modern nation-state.)
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