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Creation and numbering of sectionsSections are created by creating their headers, as below: ==Section== ===Subsection=== ====Sub-subsection==== Please do not use only one equals sign on a side (=text here=); this causes a title the size of the page name, which is taken care of automatically. With the preference setting Auto-number headings sections are numbered. Table of contents (TOC)
When either __FORCETOC__ or __TOC__ (with two underscores on either side of the word) is placed in the wikitext, a TOC is added even if the page has fewer than four headings. With __FORCETOC__ the TOC is put before the first section header. With __TOC__, it is put at the position of this code. This allows any positioning, also e.g. on the right, and in a table cell, and it also allows multiple occurrence, e.g. in every section (demonstrated on m:Help talk:Section; however, this seems only useful if the sections are long, so that the TOCs take up only a small part of the total space.). Thus there may be some introductory text before the TOC, known as the "lead". Although usually a header after the TOC is preferable, __TOC__ can be used to avoid being forced to insert a meaningless header just to position the TOC correctly, i.e., not too low. Preferences can be set to number the sections automatically. In a page calling a template with sections, the sections in the template are numbered according to their position in the rendered page, e.g. if the template tag is in the third section, then the first section of the template is numbered four. Any text in the template before its first section shows up as part of the section with the template tag, and any text after the tag before a new header shows up as part of the last section of the template. This may be done deliberately, but can usually better be avoided (see also below). Using __NOTOC__ it's possible to disable the normal Table of Contents. Section links as explained below allow to create compact ToCs, e.g. alphabetical [[#A|A]] [[#B|B]] etc. The Table of contents can be forced onto a floating table on the right hand of the screen with the code below {|align=right
|__TOC__
|}
Section linkingIn the HTML code for each section there is an anchor element HTML element "a" with both "name" and "id" attributes holding the section title. This enables linking directly to sections. These section anchors are automatically used by MediaWiki when it generates a Table of Contents for the page, but you can also use them to manually link directly to one section within a page. The HTML code generated at the beginning of this section, for example, is: <p><a name="Section_linking" id="Section_linking"></a></p> <h2>Section linking</h2> A link to this section (Section Linking) looks like this: To link to a section in the same page you can use [[#id|link_label]], and to link to a section in another page [[page name#id|link_label]]. To create an anchor target without a section header, you can use a span, for example: An underscore and number are appended to duplicate section names. E.g. for three sections named "Example", the names (for section linking) will be "Example", "Example_2" and "Example_3". Note that using the date formatting feature in section headers complicates section linking. An internal link in a section header does not give complications:
For linking to an arbitrary position in a page see linking to a page. Section linking and redirectsA link that specifies a section of a redirect page corresponds to a link to that section of the target of the redirect. A redirect to a section of a page goes to the top of the page. One can use it anyway as a clarification, and at least it works when clicking on the link from the redirect page. A complication is that, unlike renaming a page, renaming a section does not create some kind of redirect. Also there is no separate what links here feature for sections, pages linking to the section are included in the list of pages linking to the page. Possible workarounds:
Section linksYou can use section linking to link to a section within the same page (using [[#section name|displayed text]], and if another section with the same name exists a _ (sequential number) is appended as in [[#section name_2|displayed text]]), or to a section within another page (using [[page name#section name|displayed text]]). For example to link the table of contents entry: [[#test|test]] Type: ===test=== where you want the user to jump to. When a user presses "test" in the table of contents, they will automatically jump to the ===test=== entry below in the text. If a (sub)section has a blank space as header, it results in a link in the TOC that does not work. For a similar effect see NS:0. Section editingSections can be separately edited ("section editing feature") by right clicking on the section header and/or special edit links, depending on the preferences set, and by a url like http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Help:Section&action=edit§ion=2 (Note that here section numbers are used, not section titles; subsections have a single number, e.g. section 2.1 may be numbered 3, section 3 is then numbered 4, etc.) This is convenient if the edit does not involve other sections and one needs not have the text of other sections at hand during the edit (or if one needs it, open the section edit link in a new window, or during section editing, open "Cancel" in a window). Section editing alleviates some problems of large pages. "__NOEDITSECTION__" anywhere on the page will remove the edit links. It will not disable section editing itself; right clicking on the section header and the url still work. Inserting a section can be done by editing either the section before or after it, merging with the previous section by deleting the header. Adding a section at the end can also be done with a URL like http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Meta:Sandbox&action=edit§ion=new . On talk pages a link is provided for this. The section header is the same as the edit summary, and typed only once. PreviewThe preview in section editing does not always show the same as the corresponding part of the full page, e.g. if on the full page an image in the previous section intrudes into the section concerned. The edit page shows the list of templates used on the whole page, i.e. also the templates used in other sections. SubsectionsSubsections are included in the part of the page that is edited. Whether there is automatic section numbering is determined by the number of sections concerned, i.e. one plus the number of sub- and subsub-sections, etc. Section numbering is relative to the part that is edited, so on the relative top level there is always just number 1, relative subsections all have numbers starting with 1: 1.1., 1.2, etc.; e.g., when editing section 3.2, section 3.2.4 is numbered 1.4. However, the header format is according to the absolute level. Editing before the first SectionThere is no link for editing the part before the first heading, except by the work-around of right-clicking on the page header; but the URL works, for example for this page: http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Help:Section&action=edit§ion=0 A less cumbersome way to obtain this link is to use any section edit link of the page, and change the number of the section to zero. Javascript can also create this URL, see w:en:Wikipedia:WikiProject User scripts/Scripts/Edit Top. See also Help:Section editing demo. Editing a page with large sectionsIf a page has very large sections, or is very large and has no division into sections, and one's browser or connection does not allow editing of such a large section, then one can still:
If one can view the wikitext of a large section, one can divide the page into smaller sections by step by step appending one, and finally deleting the original content (this can be done one large section at a time). Thus temporarily there is partial duplication of the content, so it is useful to put an explanation in the edit summary. Providing for a separate edit history for a sectionWithout changing the appearance of a page, a section of it can be an included separate page, see composite pages. This way a separate edit history is provided for the section. Also this allows watching it separately. Editing sections of included templatesThis section appears in Help:Section. The editing facilities can also be applied to a section of an included template. This section, Help:Editing sections of included templates, is an example. For the purpose of section editing the extent of a section is governed by the headers in the calling page itself. It may consist of a part before the template tag, the template tag, and a part after the template tag, even if the template has sections. It tends to be confusing if the extent of sections according to the system is different from what the rendered page suggests. To avoid this:
It may be convenient, where suitable, to start a template with a section header, even if normally the contents of the template would not need a division into sections, and thus the template is only one section. The edit facilities for editing sections can then be used for editing the template from a page that includes it, without specially putting an edit link. This template is an example, it does not need a division into sections, but has a header at the top. Note that a parameter value appearing in a template, for example "abc", is, if we want to preserve the parameter, not edited by editing the template but by editing the template call, even though the rendered page and its edit links do not automatically show that. Some explanatory text and/or an extra edit link can be useful. In this case, to edit "abc" we have to edit the template tag on the page calling the template. If we use section editing the relevant section edit link is that at the header appearing before the header in the template itself. The __NOEDITSECTION__ tag in any template affects both that template, the pages it's included on, and any other templates included on the same page. "See also" line or sectionIf a page consists of sections and a "see also" refers to the whole page, then make it a separate section. This is to avoid it becoming part of the prior section, to make it visible in the TOC, and to make it easily accessible through the TOC. Alternatively, a "see also" line is sometimes put at the beginning. A "see also" belonging to just one section can be put in that section: within a paragraph, as a separate paragraph, or as a subsection. Sections vs. separate pages vs. transclusionAdvantages of separate pages:
Advantages of one large page with sections:
An alternative is composing a page of other pages using the template feature (creating a compound document by transclusion). This allows easy searching within the combined rendered page, but not in the combined wikitext. Titles have to be provided. Subdivisions in general
See also continuing a list item after a sub-item and m:Template:List demo (talk, backlinks, edit). Limiting subsection levels shown in TOChttp://bugzilla.wikimedia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=6575
<h2>stuff that better not be included</h2>
<big><b>This won't show up... </b></big> <H4>yikes this would be included in toc... h4... </H4> ====this would of course be included in toc header 4 example ==== Sections for demo aboveDemo aThis section is linked to from #Section linking. Demo http://aThis section is linked to from #Section linking. See also
AmericolaWiki-specific help
Compact TOCSeveral kinds of compact TOC can be found at Wikipedia:Template messages/Compact table of contents. Also note that a normal compact TOC will not work on a Category page; see the same page's section on how to make a compact TOC on a Category page. Floating the TOCThe TOC can, in some instances, be floated either right or left using {{TOCright}} or {{TOCleft}}. Before changing the default TOC to a floated TOC, consider the following guidelines:
The {{TOCright}} template was proposed for deletion in early July 2005, but there was no consensus on the matter. The archive of the discussion and voting regarding this may be seen at Wikipedia:Templates for deletion/TOCright. The Manual of Style discussion can be found here. Section stubsA stub section is a proposed section for the article, but not filled. In the empty section you have to include {{section-stub}} or {{Sectstub}}. An example: in the Wikipedia copper article, the copper band section stub (empty). In this way, the copper band page could redirect to the copper article. See section stub page. See also WP:NOTPlease note that Wikipedia is not an indiscriminate collection of information, so see also sections should only include links directly pertaining to the topic of an article and not large general pieces of information loosely connected (or not at all connected) to the subject. This page is a copy of the master help page at Meta (for general help information, with two AmericolaWiki-specific templates inserted. To update the main text, edit the master help page for all projects at m:Help:Section. For AmericolaWiki-specific issues, use Template:Ph:Section (the extra text at the bottom of this page) or Template:Phh:Section for a Wikipedia-specific lead (text appears at the top of this page). You are welcome to copy the exact wikitext from the master page at Meta and paste it into this page at any time. To view this page in other languages see the master page at Meta.
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