Glendale, Queens

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Glendale is a neighborhood near the geographic center of the borough of Queens in New York City with a population of nearly 80,000 people. It is bounded by Long Island Rail Road and freight train tracks to the north, Woodhaven Boulevard to the east, numerous cemeteries to the south and Fresh Pond Road to the West.

It is characterized as a low-scale residential community (in relation to the more developed neighborhoods directly surrounding it such as Forest Hills, Ridgewood, Woodhaven, Jamaica and Kew Gardens). One reason for the low density of the area is its relative isolation from the New York City Subway system, as well as its bordering by various cemeteries and parks.

Contents 1 History 1.1 Early land division 1.2 The Cemetery Belt 1.3 Railroads 1.4 Recreation 1.5 Economy and immigrants 1.6 11385 2 Noted restaurants and bars 3 Local schools 4 Fire department 5 Forest Park 6 References 7 Sources 8 External links

History

Originally named Fresh Ponds, Glendale was a swampy area of land with fresh water pools. It was part of 74,000 acres (300 km²) of land collectively called Newtown, chartered by the Dutch West India Company in 1642.

Early land division

By the mid-nineteenth century, Fresh Ponds was a thriving German farming community. In 1860, George C. Schott, a developer, was given a large amount of land in Fresh Ponds as repayment for a debt. He renamed the land Glendale after his hometown in Ohio. Nine years later, one John C. Schooley, a real estate agent, bought a substantial amount of property and also called it Glendale. Schooley laid out streets and divided his property into 469 lots, measuring 25 x 100 ft (7.6 x 30 m), which he then sold off for $300 each.

The Cemetery Belt

In 1847, The State Rural Cemeteries Act was passed in New York, which by 1850 put an end to the establishment of any new cemeteries in Manhattan. Cemetery owners were however encouraged to build in Brooklyn and Queens. Glendale quickly became almost encircled by cemeteries, as seen in the accompanying map, being located in what is called the “Cemetery Belt”. Among the cemeteries that surround Glendale are Saint John’s, Cypress Hills, All Saint’s Lutheran, Mount Lebanon, Mount Carmel, Beth-El, Mount Neboh, and Union Field. Some of these cemeteries are the resting places of many famous people, including Jackie Robinson, Mae West, and Harry Houdini, at whose tomb devotees gather each year on Halloween to see if he can pull off the ultimate escape trick and return from the grave.

Railroads

In 1869, a railroad stop at 73rd Street was opened by the South Side Railroad, which was sold in 1874 to the North Side Railroad, which then was merged into the Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) in 1876, becoming part of the Montauk Branch. The tracks served both the LIRR and freight trains. In 1927, the station burned down and was never replaced. In 1998, service to the Glendale station was discontinued. However, freight trains still operate, although in recent years controversy over trains transporting radioactive waste through the community has arisen.

Farms continued to provide the backbone of the economy until World War I, though development was beginning along Myrtle Avenue, Glendale’s main thoroughfare, as many family-run stores began opening and steam powered trolleys were introduced on the avenue in 1891.

Recreation

Myrtle Avenue was greatly enjoyed for its parks often frequented by picnicers. With the Steam Trolley running along the Avenue, several investors bought a total of 500 acres (2 km²) of land in the eastern end of Glendale and opened a number of parks and beer gardens. "In the 1890’s on the north side of Myrtle Avenue from what is now 83rd Street to Woodhaven Boulevard, the following picnic parks opened: Schmidt’s Woods, Glendale Schuetzen Park, Greater New York Park and Casino and Tivoli Park. On the south side of Myrtle Avenue from 88th Place to Woodhaven Boulevard: El Dorado Park, Emerald Park and Florida Park opened." These parks drew large crowds, not only from Glendale but from Eastern Brooklyn, where there were no proper parks at the time. In the mid-nineteen-twenties, the parks closed as they were unable to financially weather Prohibition. The parks were incorporated by the city into what is known today as Forest Park.

Economy and immigrants

After World War I, Glendale's economic base shifted from farming to textiles and breweries. The largest employer was the Atlas Terminal, a vast industrial park, consisting of 16 buildings (factories). It was demolished in 2004 and a massive shopping center called “The Shops at Atlas Park” opened in May 2006.

Traditionally, Glendale was home to a large and active community of German immigrants. And while this group is still heavily represented in the neighborhood, most of the local businesses have become more Americanized over the generations. Once the neighborhood with the highest population of Germans in New York, Glendale has seen a large influx of Eastern Europeans since the late 1980s, and more recently, Asians and Latin Americans.

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While having always been part of Queens, until the late 1970s Glendale and neighboring Ridgewood were served by the Brooklyn post office in Bushwick. After the 1977 blackout, which was accompanied by riots and looting in Bushwick, Ridgewood and Glendale disassociated themselves from Bushwick. In 1979, the two areas were granted a Queens ZIP Code, 11385

Noted restaurants and bars

Glendale was renowned for its many authentic German restaurants, namely Zum Stammtisch (The Family Table), Von Westernhagen's, Gebhardt's, and Hans Gasthaus. However, in the last decade all but Zum Stammtisch and Von Westernhagen's have closed their doors for good. Stammtisch can be found highly regarded in most New York City tour guides even though it's located in an outer borough.

The oldest operating business in Glendale dates back to the 1830s. Originally called the Woods Inn, the Woods is a two story house with a bar on the first floor and apartments, which were once rooms-for-rent, on the second floor. It had been conveiniently located just half a block from the train station. However, with the station's closing, it is now an off the beaten path watering hole for locals. Part of an episode of NYPD Blue was filmed here in the late 1990s.

Another of Glendale’s local bars, The Assembly, figured prominently in the 1996 film Trees Lounge, written, directed, and starring Steve Buscemi. It served as the set for the fictional bar Trees Lounge for which the movie is named.

Glendale is also home to one of American television's most unforgettable characters, Archie Bunker from the 1970s sitcom All in the Family. The Bunkers were said to live at 704 Hauser Street, a fictitious address that was supposed to be located in Astoria, but doesn't exist anywhere in New York. However, the house shown in the credits is located at 89-70 Cooper Avenue in Glendale.

Glendale is also home to "Cooper's Ale House" which is featured in the show The King of Queens as a local bar. Cooper's was taken over by new ownership and is now called "Yer Man's Irish Pub" It is located on 88th Street right off of Cooper Avenue.^[1]

Local schools

Glendale is home to seven schools: P.S. 91 Elementary, P.S. 113 Elementary, I.S. 119 The Glendale Intermediate School, Saint John's Lutheran Elementary, Sacred Heart Elementary, Redeemer Lutheran Elementary, and Saint Pancras Elementary.

Fire department

In 1896, Glendale's first fire department, the Ivanhoe Park Hose Company, a volunteer fire company, was established. It was funded by one Henry Meyer, a wealthy businessman, who owned a cigar factory, a lucrative holding of stocks, and a sizable amount of land, part of which would become the neighborhood of Liberty Park. The fire department's uniforms, a hose cart and the hose were subsidized by Meyer. He also undertook several construction projects, such as building pumping stations, to ensure water would be available anywhere long the major streets (i.e., Myrtle Avenue and Cypress Hills Street). Later that year, the first company was expanded with a hook and ladder and renamed Ivanhoe Fire Hook and Ladder Company and 2 months later became Company 10 in the Newtown Fire Department.

Today, the neighborhood is serviced by Fire Department Engine Company #286 and Ladder Company #135, housed on the south side of Myrtle Avenue between 66th Place and 67th Street and by the 104th Police Precinct located on Catalpa Avenue at 64th Street.

Forest Park

Forest Park has been a place for fun for the residents of Glendale. The park has a bandshell, which provides shows for the community; a golf course and the park is a popular spot for skaters.

References

Sources

The Encyclopedia of New York City, by Kenneth T. Jackson, et al, Yale Univ Press, 1995

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