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George Crabbe
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George Crabbe (December 24, 1754 - February 3, 1832) was an English poet and naturalist.
He was born in Aldeburgh, Suffolk, the son of a tax collector, and developed his love of poetry as a child. While apprenticed to a local doctor, he met his future wife, Sarah Elmy. His first major work, a poem entitled "Inebriety", was self-published in 1775. By this time he had completed his medical training, and had decided to take up writing seriously. In 1780, he went to London, where he had little success, but eventually made an impression on Edmund Burke, who helped him have his poem, The Library, published in 1781. In the meantime, Crabbe's religious nature had made itself felt, and he was ordained a clergyman and became chaplain to the Duke of Rutland at Belvoir Castle in Leicestershire.
The two works for which Crabbe became best known were
The Village (
1783) and
The Borough (
1810), both lengthy poems dealing with the way of life he had grown up with. In 1783, he also married Sarah. In
1814, he became Rector of
Trowbridge in
Wiltshire, where he remained. By the time of his death, he was well-regarded and a friend of
William Wordsworth, Sir
Walter Scott and other major literary figures of the time.
Benjamin Britten's opera Peter Grimes is based on The Borough. Byron, an avowed admirer of Crabbe's poetry, called him "Nature's sternest painter, yet the best". Crabbe's poetry was predominantly in the form of heroic couplets.[1] His poetry has also been described as unsentimental in its depiction of provincial life and society.[2]
He was also an active and notable
coleopterist and recorder of beetles, and is credited for taking the first specimen of
Calosoma sycophanta L. to be recorded from
Suffolk. He published an essay on the Natural History of the
Vale of Belvoir in
John Nichols's,
Bibliotheca Topographia Britannica, VIII, Antiquities in Leicestershire, 1790. It includes a very extensive list of local coleopterans, and references more than 70 species. This text was later reviewed by the renowned
entomologist Horace Donisthorpe (Leics. lit. phil. Soc., 4, 1896, 198-200), who concluded that George Crabbe had both a broad knowledge of national species and was well acquainted with contemporary scientific literature, including works by
Linnaeus and
Fabricius.
Bibliography
- Inebriety (published 1775)
- The Candidate (published 1780)
- The Library (published 1781)
- The Village (published 1783)
- The Newspaper (published 1785)
- Poems (published 1807)
- The Borough (published 1810)
- Tales in Verse (published 1812)
- Tales of the Hall (published 1819)
- Posthumous Tales (published 1834)
References
