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Image:UnionCoCourtHouse.JPG Union County Court House Elizabeth is a City in Union County, New Jersey, in the United States. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 120,568, making it New Jersey's fourth largest city (by population). The population of Elizabeth was 125,809, as of the Census Bureau's 2005 estimate.[1] It is the county seat of Union CountyGR6.
GeographyImage:DSCN3816 towardselizabethwithplane e.JPG Elizabeth, as seen from Bayonne, New Jersey across Newark Bay. A plane is shown landing at nearby Newark Liberty International Airport Elizabeth is located at (40.662152, -74.209066)GR1.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 35.4 km² (13.7 mi²). 31.6 km² (12.2 mi²) of it is land and 3.7 km² (1.4 mi²) of it (10.47%) is water. HistoryElizabeth was founded in 1664 by English settlers and was named for the wife of Sir George Carteret, not Queen Elizabeth I as many people assume. Originally called "Elizabethtown," and part of the Elizabethtown Tract, it was the first English speaking community formed in the new colony. It was the first capital of New Jersey. During the American Revolutionary War, Elizabeth was constantly attacked by British forces based in Manhattan and Staten Island. On March 13, 1855, the City of Elizabeth was created by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature, combining and replacing both Elizabeth Borough (which dated back to 1740) and Elizabeth Township (which had been formed in 1693), based on the results of a referendum held on March 27, 1855. On March 19, 1857, the city became part of the newly-created Union County. Portions of the city were taken to form Linden Township on March 4, 1861.[2]
Business and industrySince World War II, Elizabeth has seen its transportation facilities grow; Port Newark-Elizabeth Marine Terminal is one of the busiest ports in the world (owing to its proximity to New York City, without actually being part of it), as is Newark Liberty International Airport, parts of which are actually in Elizabeth. Elizabeth also features the Jersey Gardens outlet mall and IKEA, which generate millions of dollars in revenue. Together with Linden, Elizabeth is home to the Bayway Refinery, a ConocoPhillips refining facility that helps supply petroleum-based products to the New York/New Jersey area, producing approximately 230,000 barrels per day. Portions of the city are covered by an Urban Enterprise Zone, which cuts the sales tax rate to 3½% (half of the 7% charged statewide) and offers other incentives to businesses within the district. The Elizabeth UEZ has the highest business participation rate in the state, with approximately 1,000 businesses participating in — and benefiting from — the program. The UEZ has helped bring in more than $1.5 billion in new economic development to the City and has brought in over $50 million in sales tax revenue that has been reinvested in funding for additional police, streetscape and other infrastructure improvements.[3] Demographics
As of the censusGR2 of 2000, there were 120,568 people, 40,482 households, and 28,175 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,809.5/km² (9,865.5/mi²). There were 42,838 housing units at an average density of 1,353.5/km² (3,505.2/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 55.78% White, 19.98% African American, 0.48% Native American, 2.35% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 15.51% from other races, and 5.86% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 49.46% of the population. There were 40,482 households out of which 36.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.9% were married couples living together, 19.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.4% were non-families. 24.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.91 and the average family size was 3.45. In the city the population was spread out with 26.3% under the age of 18, 10.8% from 18 to 24, 33.7% from 25 to 44, 19.3% from 45 to 64, and 10.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 98.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.1 males. The median income for a household in the city was $35,175, and the median income for a family was $38,370. Males had a median income of $30,757 versus $23,931 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,114. About 15.6% of families and 17.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.2% of those under age 18 and 17.2% of those age 65 or over. The CityImage:HerschTower.JPG Art Deco Hersh Tower Image:ElizabethMidtown.JPG Midtown Elizabeth with Union County College building. Midtown, also occasionally known as Downtown, is the main commercial district. Midtown is a historic section as well. It includes the First Presbyterian Church and St. John's Episcopal Church. The First Presbyterian Church was a battleground for the American Revolution. Located here are also the Art Deco Hersh Tower and the Ritz Theatre which has been operating since 1926. Elizabeth Avenue/Union Square is a vibrant and mainly Hispanic immigrant neighborhood and is just east of Midtown. Even though it is still a domain of many Cuban-owned businesses, there are many other Hispanic groups as well, including Central and South Americans. There are also some Italian-owned shops, many of which have been in business for decades. The neighborhood's commerce is mainly centered on Elizabeth Avenue which is sometimes nicknamed "The Market." Spanish is the dominant language. North Elizabeth, also known as "North End," is mainly a diverse working-class neighborhood. Morris Avenue is home to many Colombian stores and restaurants and is sometimes given the nickname "Little Colombia." Many Colombians refer to Morris Avenue as La Morris. The more affluent area between North Avenue and Elizabeth's border with Hillside is also known as Westminster. Image:St.PatricksCathedral.JPG St. Patrick's Cathedral Image:Elizabeth-Industrial.JPG Industrial "backyard" East of Elizabeth, New Jersey Despite these improvements, the waterfront remains a dangerous area after dark, as does much of midtown. Image:ElmoraHills1.JPG Elmora Hills Elmora is a middle/working-class neighborhood in the western part of Elizabeth. Home to many Colombians and Jews, a number of kosher eateries, Colombian restaurants and the locally well-known Goodman's delicatessen can be found on Elmora Avenue, the main thoroughfare. Image:Goethe'sBridge.JPG Goethals Bridge Elmora Hills is the northwestern part of Elizabeth just north of Elmora. It is a strongly middle- to upper-middle class neighborhood and is about 65% White. The area still maintains a large Jewish population. Peterstown (also known as The Burg) is a middle/working-class neighborhood in the southeast part of the city. It is heavily industrial and ethnically diverse. Peterstown was once predominantly occupied by newly immigrated Italians and their descendants, but is less so today. The western terminus of the Goethals Bridge, which spans the Arthur Kill to Staten Island can be found here. GovernmentImage:ElizabethCityHall.JPG Elizabeth City Hall Local governmentThe City of Elizabeth is governed under the Mayor-Council system of municipal government under the Faulkner Act. The City government of Elizabeth is made up of a Mayor and a City Council. The City's Mayor J. Christian Bollwage, a lifelong resident of Elizabeth, is currently serving his fourth term as Mayor. The Elizabeth City Council is made up of nine members. Three Council members are elected at large and six members are elected from each of Elizabeth's six wards. Council Members-at-large are Frank Cuesta, Edward Jackus (Council President), and Patricia Perkins-Auguste. Ward Council members are Manny Grova, Jr. - First Ward; Carla A. Mazza - Second Ward; Joseph Keenan - Third Ward; Carlos Cedeño - Fourth Ward; William Gallman, Jr. - Fifth Ward; and Angelo A. Paternoster - Sixth Ward.[6] Federal, state and county representationThe City of Elizabeth is split between the Tenth and Thirteenth Congressional districts and is part of New Jersey's 20th Legislative District.[7] New Jersey's Tenth Congressional District, covering portions of Essex County, Hudson County, and Union County, is represented by Donald M. Payne (D, Newark). New Jersey's Thirteenth Congressional District, covering portions of Essex, Hudson, Middlesex, and Union Counties, is now represented by Albio Sires (D, West New York), who won a special election held on November 7, 2006 to fill the vacancy the had existed since January 16, 2006. The seat had been represented by Bob Menendez (D), who was appointed to the United States Senate to fill the seat vacated by Governor of New Jersey Jon Corzine. New Jersey is represented in the Senate by Frank Lautenberg (D, Cliffside Park) and Bob Menendez (D, Hoboken). The 20th legislative district of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Raymond Lesniak (D, Union) and in the Assembly by Neil M. Cohen (D, Union) and Joseph Cryan (D, Union). The Governor of New Jersey is Jon Corzine (D, Hoboken). Union County is governed by a nine-member Board of Chosen Freeholders. As of the January 2006 reorganization, Union County's Freeholders are: Freeholder Chairman Alexander Mirabella, Freeholder Vice Chairman Bette Jane Kowalski, Angel G. Estrada, Chester Holmes, Adrian O. Mapp, Rick Proctor, Deborah P. Scanlon, Daniel P. Sullivan and Nancy Ward. Union County Freeholder MeetingsUnion County Freeholders meet publicly on a monthly basis. Citizens have the ability to provide feedback and comment on issues that concern them. A sample Freeholder meeting held in September 2003 can be viewed by clicking: EducationImage:ElizabethHighSchool.JPG Dwyer House and Dunn Sports Center of Elizabeth High School The city's public schools are operated by Elizabeth Public Schools, an Abbott District. Elizabeth High School is the largest high school in the state of New Jersey and one of the largest in the United States. TransportationElizabeth is a hub of several major roadways including the New Jersey Turnpike / Interstate 95, Interstate 78, U.S. Route 1/9, U.S. Route 22, Route 27, Route 28, Route 82 and Route 439. Elizabeth currently has two train stations on NJ Transit's North Jersey Coast Line and the Northeast Corridor Line. Elizabeth Station also called Broad Street Elizabeth or Midtown Station is the southern station in Midtown Elizabeth. The other train station in Elizabeth is North Elizabeth Station. Image:IMG 0236.JPG Elizabeth Broad Street Train Station completed 1893-1894 New Jersey Transit is planning a segment of the Newark-Elizabeth Rail Link (NERL), designated as the Union County Light Rail (UCLR). The UCLR will connect Midtown Station with Newark Liberty International Airport and have seven or eight other stations in between within Elizabeth city limits. A possible extension of this future line to Plainfield would link the city of Elizabeth with the Raritan Valley Line. Local MediaWJDM at 1530 on the AM dial is licensed to Elizabeth. Famous residents and native sons/daughters
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