Section 1. After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.
Section 2. The Congress and the several States shall have concurrent power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
Section 3. This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress.
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History
The Senate passed the amendment on December 181917. The amendment was ratified on January 16, 1919, having been approved by 36 states. It went into effect one year later on January 16, 1920.
When Congress submitted this amendment to the states for ratification, it was the first time that a proposed amendment had a provision that placed a deadline on ratification. The validity of the amendment was challenged on that basis in Dillon v. Gloss. The Supreme Court ruled on the case in 1921, upholding the constitutionality of such deadlines.
The amendment was subsequently repealed by the Twenty-First Amendment on December 51933. It remains the only constitutional amendment to be repealed in its entirety.
Proposal and ratification
Congress proposed the Eighteenth Amendment on December 18, 1917.[1] The following states ratified the amendment:
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