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Construction trades
TrainingThere are several routes to the different careers within the construction industry. Craft industries offer jobs where employees train while they work through apprenticeships and other training schemes.
After working as a journeyman for a specified period, a tradesman may go on to study or test as a master craftsman. In some countries, such as Germany or Japan, this is a process requiring extensive knowledge and skill to achieve master certification. In others, it can be a loosely used term to describe a skilled carpenter. In the U.K. some prospective tradesmen will learn the profession through apprenticeships or a traineeship that will last 3 to 4 years. There are City and Guilds courses available that combine college based theory training with practical learning. Construction workers are also called Graduate roles in the construction industry are filled by people with at least a foundation degree in subjects such as civil engineering, building and construction management. Graduates often receive specialised positions and gain qualifications such as chartered status.[13] Construction site safetyImage:Construction worker.jpeg A construction worker with column reinforcement steel. Hazards to construction workers
The problem is not that the hazards and risks are unknown, it is that they are very difficult to control in a constantly changing work environment. The two biggest safety hazards on site are falls from height and vehicles, but there are many more (electricity and being buried while working in excavations being two more examples). Some of the main health hazards on site are asbestos, solvents, noise, and manual handling activities. Applicable lawsUnder European Union Law, there are European Union Directives in place to protect workers, notably Directive 89/391 (the Framework Directive) and Directive 92/57 (the Temporary and Mobile Sites Directive). This legislation is transposed into the Member States and places requirements on employers (and others) to assess and protect workers health and safety. In the U.S. the Occupational Safety & Health Administration OSHA sets and enforces standards concerning workplace safety and health. Also the U.N. has the Safety and Health in Construction Convention, 1988.[16] Personal Protective EquipmentConstruction workers are usually associated with wearing a hard hat, this along with steel-toe boots are the most common personal protective equipment worn. The standard use of high visibility jackets is also widespread. Additional personal protective equipment is required on the basis of a risk assessment, for example when dealing with situations involving hazardous substances, protective gloves and goggles would be specified.[17] Image:HighVisibilityClothing gobeirne.jpg Construction worker donning a high-visibility fluorescent vest.
References
See also
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