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Black Entertainment Television is an American cable network(Minstrel Show) based in Washington, D.C. targeted toward African-American audiences in the United States. The network is commonly referred to as BET and most of its programming comprises hip-hop and R&B music videos as well as religious programming, public affairs programs, and urban-oriented movies and series.
HistoryBET was founded by Robert L. Johnson, a former cable industry lobbyist, on January 25, 1980 after getting a $500,000 investment from then-TCI president John Malone. The network was initially a weekly, two-hour Friday night block airing on the USA Network from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m. (EST). The programming was mostly older movies and music videos, creating an outlet for an untapped market in the then-young cable industry, African-Americans. In May of that year, BET invested $1 million for the production of Black collegiate sporting events and expanded an hour. In November 1980, BET added two half-hour shows, Black Showcase and The Bobby Jones Gospel Show (the latter is still on the air today). On June 26, 1983, BET premiered Video Soul, a music video series hosted by popular D.C. DJ Donnie Simpson, one of the first marquee series on the network.
Throughout the decades, BET has grown in viewership and expanded beyond television. In October 1989, BET entered the publishing business by launching their first magazine Emerge, aimed toward African-American news consumers. A little under a year later, BET launched YSB (Young Sisters and Brothers), a lifestyle magazine aimed toward African-American teenagers followed by the purchase of Arabesque Books, a publisher of African-American-oriented romance novels, and Heart and Soul magazine. BET also launched spinoff networks in the 1990s, including BET on Jazz: The Jazz Channel (now named BET J), a pay-per-view network called BET Action, and, along with John Malone's Liberty Media, BET STARZ!, which became Black STARZ! after the Viacom takeover and renamed Starz InBlack in 2005. BET also offers two other music channels, BET Hip-Hop, and BET Gospel, both of which are offered on digital cable platforms across the nation. BET also airs African-American interest specials and introduced public service campaigns. The Rap It Up campaign is dedicated to preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS in the African-American community. In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, BET aired SOS: Saving Our Selves, a hurricane relief telethon concert on September 9, 2005, to raise funds for those affected by Katrina. More than $11 million was raised for Katrina victims. ProgrammingEntertainmentOn weekdays and Saturdays, BET focuses mainly on urban music programming with shows like 106 & Park and Rap City, while also airing sitcoms such as The Wayans Bros., The Jamie Foxx Show, Girlfriends and The Parkers. The drama like Soul Food airs Sunday nights and the stand-up comedy program called Comic View airs throughout the week. BET has recently introduced reality programs like College Hill, collegiate sporting events, and various movies and specials. BET also created a short-lived animated comedy series called Hey Monie, after partnering up with The Oxygen Network.
BET also airs the BET Awards Show each year. The show honors African American entertainers, athletes and actors. It is usually BET's highest rated show of the year. NewsBET Tonight was relaunched as a daily newscast, BET Nightly News with Jacque Reid, which began in 1999 as an extension of its news coverage. BET's news coverage became a part of the network in October 1986. After the nightly newscast was removed from the lineup in the summer of 2005, it returned in October 2005 delivering news updates on BET throughout the day and, in 2006, as a Sunday afternoon news hour. Posted on January 23, 2006 Debra Lee took over has chairman for one the most prosperous Black business in America(Retrived April 4, 2007, from www.bet.com) Debra Lee took over for Bob Johnson the lobbist and founder of the network. Mrs. Lee a Harvard-educated lawyer, and now one the top executives at Fortune 500 company. Debra Lee has been a position of leadership for 10 years "says Michael Lewellen, executive vice president for communitcations at BET. Debra Lee has increased ratings, which have consistenly grown over six years(Retrived April 4, 2007, from www.bet.com) Executive Bob Johnson,"says at no small feat, Lee has given the most cable and broadcast networks a virtually stagnant viewership and ratings over the same period". Success has not come by chance for Mrs. Lee, she has been with BET for 20 years, and in every aspect of the business. Debra has served as BET's chief operating officer for about a decade, as well as vice president, general counsel of legal affairs;coporate secretary; and president and publisher of the publishing division. Debra Lee even managed the BET's corporate headquarters. Johnson quotes "I could not have chosen a better chief executive and outstanding leader to succeed me at BET than Debra Lee,"(Retrived April 4, 2007 from www.ebony.com) Lee's hard work and influence extends way beyone the realm of Black Television. She is also a member of the boards of Marriot International and Eastman Kodak and Washington Gas & Light Company. Debra is also involved with numerous progessional and civic organizations, like NCTA, CTAM, which are National Cable and Telecommunications Assocaitions. Mrs. Lee additional to her juris doctorate from Havard Law School, she earned her Master egree in public policy from Havard's John F. Kennedy School of Goverment in 1980. She graduated from Brown University in 1976 with a bachelor's degree in political science with an emphasis in Asian politics(Retrived April 4, 2007, from www.bet.com) CriticismMany prominent media critics, including Public Enemy rapper Chuck D,[1] journalist George Curry,[2] Howard University,[3] writer Keith Boykin,[4] comic book writer/artist/editor Christopher Priest,[5] filmmaker Spike Lee[6] and writer/cartoonist Aaron McGruder of The Boondocks, have protested BET's programming and actions. One of the most commonly-heard complaints is the fact that BET's programming is mostly music entertainment, particularly Hip-hop and rap music, and does not focus on the public affairs of the black community. The channel has been scrutinized by members of the black and African-American communities who feel that the channel perpetuates harmful Black stereotypes by primarily airing hip-hop videos that often have misogynistic, materialistic, and/or violent themes. Outside of the black community, the Parents Television Council has also criticized BET for indecent content and racial stereotypes. [1] [2] As a result, BET heavily censors suggestive content from the videos that it airs, often with entire verses removed from certain rap videos. Detractors are also quick to point out the irony they see in the network's choice to also show strong religious programming once a week, although they fail to realize that religious programming also airs Monday through Saturday on the network from 4 a.m. to 9 a.m. (EST) in addition to the Sunday programming. Some educational programming like Season of the Tiger and College Hill that display black people in an intelligent, positive point of view have also aired on the channel. Not long ago people began referring to acronym BET standing for "Black Exploitation Television". BET has been criticized by some Christian evangelicals not primarily for music videos, but for its morning religious lineup. Each morning, BET broadcasts evangelical TV shows, and hosts include Robert Tilton, Don Stewart, and Peter Popoff, who have been criticized for their money-brings-miracles theology and who have had spats with the law (Popoff's ministry's tax-exempt status was recently revoked in Canada). CompetitorsBET's success, and the controversy over its content, has spawned a few smaller competitors aiming toward the African-American market. Although some like NUE TV (New Urban Entertainment Television) had little success, others like TV One and Black Family Channel (formerly MBC) have thrived and succeeded, mostly by eschewing BET's music-based programming for more family-oriented fare. Although these networks are mostly watched by older African-Americans, BET is mostly watched by the youth. Popular original BET shows
References: Retrieved April 4,2007 from http://www.bet.com/News/debra_lee.htm?_purpose=Basic&WBCMODE=Presentation... Retrieved April 4, 2007 from www.ebony.com
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