1914

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Centuries:	19th century - 20th century - 21st century
Decades:	1880s  1890s  1900s  - 1910s -  1920s  1930s  1940s
Years:	1911 1912 1913 - 1914 - 1915 1916 1917

1914 by topic:

Arts

Architecture - Art - Film - Literature Music (Country ) - Television

Science and technology

Archaeology - Aviation Meteorology - Rail transport - Science

By country

Australia - Canada - India Ireland - Malaysia - New Zealand - Singapore - South Africa - UK - Wales - Zimbabwe

Other topics

Awards - Sport - Law - State leaders - Sovereign states - Religious leaders

Birth and death categories

Births - Deaths

Establishments and disestablishments categories

Establishments - Disestablishments

Works category

Works v • d • e

1914 (MCMXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar).

Contents 1 Events 1.1 January 1.2 February 1.3 March 1.4 April 1.5 May 1.6 June 1.7 July 1.8 August 1.9 September 1.10 October 1.11 November 1.12 December 1.13 Undated 1.14 Ongoing events 2 Births 2.1 January-February 2.2 March-April 2.3 May-June 2.4 July-August 2.5 September-October 2.6 November-December 2.7 Unknown dates 3 Deaths 3.1 January - June 3.2 July - December 4 Nobel prizes 5 Fictional references 6 External links

Events

January

• January 5 - Ford Motor Company announces an eight-hour workday and a minimum wage of $5 for a day's labor.

• January 9 - Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, Inc. founded at Howard University in Washington, D.C.

• January 10 - Mexican Revolution - Pancho Villa's troops take Ojinaga in the Mexican state of Chihuahua.

February

• February 13 - Copyright: In New York City the ASCAP (for American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers) is established to protect the copyrighted musical compositions of its members.

March

• March 1 - The Republic of China joins the Universal Postal Union.
• March 10 - Suffragette Mary Richardson damages Velasquez painting Rokeby Venus in London’s national gallery with a meat chopper.
• March 16 - Wife of French minister Joseph Caillaux shoots Gaston Calmette, the editor of Le Figaro because he threatened to publish Caillaux's love letters to her during his previous marriage. (She is later acquitted.)
• March 27 - Belgian surgeon Albert Hustin makes the first successful non-direct blood transfusion, using anticoagulants.
• March 29 - Katherine Routledge and her husband arrive in Easter Island to make the first true study of it (departs August 1915)

April

• April 11 - Alpha Rho Chi, a professional architecture fraternity, is founded in the Hotel Sherman in Chicago.
• April 14 - The city of Irving, Texas is incorporated.
• April 20 - Colorado coalfield Massacre or Ludlow Massacre. Colorado National guard attacks 1200 tent colony of striking coal miners in Ludlow - 24 people dead.
• April 21 - 3000 US marines land in Vera Cruz, Mexico.
• The American Radio Relay League is founded.

May

• May 9 - J.T. Hearne becomes the first bowler to take 3000 first-class wickets.
• May 14 - Woodrow Wilson signs Mother's Day proclamation.
• May 14 - Death of William Gibson (Liberal MP)
• May 25 - The United Kingdom's House of Commons passes Irish Home Rule.
• May 29 - The ocean liner Empress of Ireland sinks in Gulf of St. Lawrence; 1,024 lives lost.

June

• June 1 - Woodrow Wilson's envoy Edward Mandell House meets with Kaiser Wilhelm II.
• June 18 - Constitutionals take San Luis Potosí - Venustiano Carranza demands Victoriano Huerta's surrender
• June 23 - Kiel Canal reopened (having been deepened) by the Kaiser; Visit of the British Fleet under Sir G. Warrender: Kaiser inspects the Dreadnought HMS King George V.
• June 28 - Serbian terrorist Gavrilo Princip assassinates and kills Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Duchess Sophie
• June 29
  • Austria-Hungary: Secretary of the Legation at Belgrade sends despatch to Vienna suggesting Serbian complicity in the crime of Sarajevo. Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo and throughout Bosnia generally.
  • Chionya Gusyeva attempts and fails to assassinate Grigori Rasputin at his home town in Siberia.
• June 30 - Great Britain - Addresses in Parliament on the murdered Archduke: Lords Crewe & Lansdowne in House of Lords; Messrs. Asquith & Law in Commons.

July

• July 2 - Announcement that the German Kaiser will not attend the Archduke's funeral.
• July 4 - Austria-Hungary: Funeral of the Archduke at Artstetten (50 miles west of Vienna).
• July 5 - Council at Potsdam.
• July 6 - The German Kaiser leaves Kiel for a cruise in Northern waters.
• July 7 - Austria-Hungary: Council of Ministers, including Ministers for Foreign Affairs and War, Chief of General Staff and Naval Commander-in-Chief; Council lasts from 11.30 a.m. to 6.15 p.m.
• July 8 - Count Tisza makes a grave statement in the Hungarian Chamber concerning the murder of the Archduke.
• July 9 - The House of Lords completed the recasting of the Amendment Bill.
• Austria-Hungary.-Emperor receives report of Austro-Hungarian investigation into the Sarajevo crime. The Times publishes account of Austro-Hungarian press campaign against the Serbians (who are described as "pestilent rats").
• July 10 - Mr.Hartwig, Russian Minister to Serbia, dies suddenly at Austrian Legation in Belgrade.
• July 11 - Baseball legend Babe Ruth makes his major league debut with the Red Sox
• July 12 - Demonstrations in Ulster suggesting civil war.
• July 13 - Reports of a projected Serbian attack upon the Austro-Hungarian Legation at Belgrade. Grave article in Times on "Failure of Recruiting." France.-Revelations in Senate (continued on Tuesday, 14th) of deficinces in French military equipment. Heavy selling of Canadian Pacific Railway shares in Berlin (continued on Thursday, 16th).
• July 14 - Government of Ireland Amending Bill passed by House of Lords.
• July 15 - Victoriano Huerta resigns and leaves for Colón. Count Tisza makes statement in Hungarian chamber relations with Serbia: " they must be cleared up"
• July 17 - Victoriano Huerta leaves for exile in Spain. Austria-Hungary.-Report that Serbia has called up 70,000 reservists and is preparing for war. President Poincaré leaves Paris on a visit to Tsar Nicolas II of Russia.
• July 18 - The Signal Corps of the United States Army is formed, giving definite status to its air service for the first time. British Fleet at Spithead: reviewed by the King.
• July 19 - Austria-Hungary.- Press scare concerning alleged "Greater Serbia" conspiracy. The King summons a Conference to discuss the Home Rule Problem.
• July 28 - World War I begins: Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia after it fails to meet the conditions of an ultimatum it set on July 23 following the Sarajevo assassination.
• July 31 - French pacifist Jean Jaures is assassinated.

August

• August 1 - Germany declares war on Russia, following Russia's military mobilization in support of Serbia.
• August 2 - German troops occupy Luxembourg.
• August 2 - Secret treaty between Turkey and Germany to secure Turkish neutrality.
• August 3 - Germany declares war on Russia's ally France.
• August 4 - German troops invade neutral Belgium. Britain declares war on Germany after the latter fails to respect Belgian neutrality. The United States declares neutrality.
• August 5 - USA and Panama sign the Panama Canal Treaty
• August 5-16 - The Battle of Liège
• August 8 - German colonial forces execute Martin-Paul Samba for high treason.
• August 12 - The Battle of Haelen
• August 15 - The Panama Canal opens to traffic.
• August 15 - Venustiano Carranza's troops under general Alvaro Obregon enter Mexico City.
• August 17-September 2 - World War I: Battle of Tannenberg.
• August 20 - World War I: German forces occupy Brussels.
• August 23 - Japan declares war on Germany.
• August 26-27 - The Battle of Le Cateau.
• August 28 - The Battle of Heligoland - British cruisers under admiral Beatty sink three German cruisers.

• August 29-30 - The Battle of St. Quentin.

September

• September 1
  • St. Petersburg, Russia changes its name to "Petrograd."
  • The last known passenger pigeon dies in the Cincinnati Zoo.
• September 2 - Moronvilliers occupied by the Germans.
• September 3 - Pope Benedict XV (Giacomo della Chiesa) succeeds Pope Pius X as the 258th pope.
• September 5
  • London Agreement: no member of Triple Entente (Britain, France, or Russia) may seek a separate peace with Central Powers.
  • In World War I, First Battle of the Marne begins: Northeast of Paris, the French 6th Army under General Maunoury attacks German forces nearing Paris. Over 2 million fight (500,000 killed/wounded) in the Allied victory.
• September 6 - French and British counterattack at Marne ends German advance on Paris.
• September 13 - South African troops open hostilities in German South-West Africa (today Namibia) with an assault on the Ramansdrift police station.
• September 13-28 - The First Battle of the Aisne.
• September 17 - Andrew Fisher becomes Prime Minister of Australia for the third time.
• September 26 - The US Federal Trade Commission (FTC) established by the Federal Trade Commission Act.
• September 30 - Flying Squadron established to promote temperance movement.

October

• October 9 - World War I: Siege of Antwerp - Antwerp, Belgium falls to German troops.
• October 13 - Boston Braves beat the Philadelphia Athletics 3-1, to win baseball's World Series.
• October 29 - World War I: Ottoman warships shell Russian Black Sea ports: Russia, France, and Britain declare war on November 1-5.

November

• November 1 - World War I: Battle of Coronel fought - A Royal Navy squadron commanded by Rear-Admiral Sir Christopher Cradock is met and defeated by the superior German forces led by Vice-Admiral Graf Maximilian von Spee. This is the first British naval defeat of the war.
• November 4 - Britain and France declare war on Turkey.
• November 5 - The United Kingdom annexes Cyprus, and together with France declares war on the Ottoman Empire.
• November 7 - The Japanese seize Jiaozhou Bay in China, the base of the German East Asia Squadron.
• November 16 - A year after being created by passage of the Federal Reserve Act of 1913, the Federal Reserve Bank of the United States officially opens for business.
• November 23 - US troops withdraw from Veracruz. Venustiano Carranza's troops take over and Carranza makes the town his headquarters
• November 24 - Benito Mussolini is expelled from the Italian Socialist Party.
• November 28 - World War I: Following a war-induced closure in July, the New York Stock Exchange re-opens for bond trading.

December

• December 24 - World War I: British and German soldiers interrupted World War I to celebrate Christmas, beginning the Christmas truce.

Undated

• Marcus Garvey in Jamaica founds Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA).
• First everyday items made of stainless steel come into public circulation.
• French Buddhist Alexandra David-Neel is the first European woman to visit Tibet (in disguise).
• Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi returns to India from South Africa to spearhead the Indian independence movement.
• W. H. Carrier patents design of an air conditioner.
• The capital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China is moved from Guilin to Nanning.
• Port of Orange, Texas dredged for the fabrication of vessels for the United States Navy.
• United States Power Squadrons formed.
• Phi Sigma, a local undergraduate classical club, founded by a group of students in the Department of Greek at the University of Chicago.

Ongoing events

• World War I (1914-1918)
• Assyrian Genocide (1914-1922)
• Mexican Revolution

Births

1914 in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	1914 MCMXIV
Ab urbe condita	2667
Armenian calendar	1363 ԹՎ ՌՅԿԳ
Bahá'í calendar	70 – 71
Buddhist calendar	2458
Chinese calendar	4550/4610-12-6 (癸丑年十二月初六日) — to — 4551/4611-11-15 (甲寅年十一月十五日)
Ethiopian calendar	1906 – 1907
Hebrew calendar	5674 – 5675
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1969 – 1970
- Shaka Samvat	1836 – 1837
- Kali Yuga	5015 – 5016
Holocene calendar	11914
Iranian calendar	1292 – 1293
Islamic calendar	1332 – 1333
Japanese calendar	Taishō 3 (大正3年)
- Imperial Year	Kōki 2574 (皇紀2574年)
- Jōmon Era	11914
Julian calendar	1959
Korean calendar	4247
Thai solar calendar	2457
v • d • e

January-February

• January 1 - Noor Inayat Khan, World War II heroine (d. 1944)
• January 4 - Herman Franks, American baseball player
• January 4 - Jean-Pierre Vernant, French historian and anthropologist (d. 2007)
• January 5 - George Reeves, American actor (d. 1959)
• January 6 - Danny Thomas, American singer, actor, and comedian (d. 1991)
• January 12 - Albrecht von Goertz, German car designer (d. 2006)
• January 13 - Lord Ted Willis, British television dramatist & author (d. 1992)
• January 14 - Harold Russell, Canadian actor (d. 2002)
• January 15 - Hugh Trevor-Roper, Baron Dacre of Glanton, English historian (d. 2003)
• January 17 - William Stafford, American poet and pacifist (d. 1993)
• January 17 - Anacleto Angelini, Italian born Chilean businessman
• January 17 - Irving Brecher, American screenwriter
• January 18 - Arno Schmidt, German author (d. 1979)
• January 26 - Princess Hadice Hayriye Ayshe Dürrühsehvar (d. 2006)
• January 30 - John Ireland, Canadian-born actor (d. 1992)
• January 30 - David Wayne, American actor (d. 1995)
• January 31 - Jersey Joe Walcott, American boxer (d. 1994)
• January 31 - Carey Loftin, American actor and stuntman (d. 1997)

• February 1 - George Nissen, American gymnast and inventor
• February 4 - Alfred Andersch, German writer (d. 1980)
• February 4 - Ida Lupino, English actress, director, and writer (d. 1995)
• February 5 - Silvius Magnago, Italian politician
• February 5 - William S. Burroughs, American author (d. 1997)
• February 5 - Alan Lloyd Hodgkin, British scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1998)
• February 6 - Thurl Ravenscroft, American voice actor (d. 2005)
• February 9 - Ernest Tubb, American singer (d. 1984)
• February 11 - Matt Dennis, American singer (d. 2002)
• February 12 - Tex Beneke, American musician and band leader (d. 2000)
• February 15 - Kevin McCarthy, American actor
• February 19 - Jacques Dufilho, French comedian and actor (d. 2005)
• February 20 - Peter Rogers, British film producer
• February 22 - Renato Dulbecco, Italian-born virologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• February 23 - Theofiel Middelkamp, Dutch cyclist (d. 2005)
• February 24 - Zachary Scott, American actor (d. 1965)

March-April

• March 1 - Ralph Ellison, American writer (d. 1994)
• March 2 - Martin Ritt, American director (d. 1990)
• March 4 - Ward Kimball, American cartoonist (d. 2002)
• March 4 - Robert R. Wilson, American physicist, sculptor and architect (d. 2000)
• March 6 - Kiril Kondrashin, Russian conductor (d. 1981)
• March 8 - Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich, Russian physicist (d. 1987)
• March 13 - Edward O'Hare, American pilot (d. 1943)
• March 14 - Bill Owen, English actor (d. 1999)
• March 14 - Abdias do Nascimento, Brazilian actor, artist and politician
• March 17 - Sammy Baugh, American football player
• March 19 - Jay Berwanger, American football player (d. 2002)
• March 25 - Norman Borlaug, American agricultural scientist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
• March 26 - William Westmoreland, U.S. general (d. 2005)
• March 27 - Budd Schulberg, American screenwriter
• March 28 - Edmund Muskie, American politician (d. 1996)
• March 30 - Sonny Boy Williamson, American musician (d. 1948)
• March 31 - Octavio Paz, Mexican diplomat and writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)

• April 2 - Alec Guinness, English actor (d. 2000)
• April 2 - Hans Wegner, Danish furniture designer
• April 4 - Marguerite Duras, French author and director (d. 1996)
• April 4 - Richard Coogan, American actor
• April 4 - Frances Langford, American singer and actress (d. 2005)
• April 8 - Maria Felix, Mexican actress (d. 2002)
• April 8 - Claire Martin, Canadian author
• April 9 - Nouhak Phoumsavanh, Loatian President (1992-1998)
• April 11 - Robert Stanfield, Premier of Nova Scotia (d. 2003)
• April 12 - Armen Alchian, American author and economist
• April 12 - Adriaan Blaauw, Dutch astronomer
• April 12 - Gilbert Taylor, British cinematographer
• April 21 - James Henry Quello, Former FCC Commissioner
• April 22 - Jan de Hartog, Dutch writer (d. 2002)
• April 22 - Baldev Raj Chopra, Indian film director
• April 25 - Ross Lockridge, Jr., American writer (d. 1948)
• April 26 - Bernard Malamud, American author (d. 1986)
• April 26 - Lilian Rolfe, French-born World War II heroine (d. 1945)
• April 28 - Michel Mohrt, French author and historian
• April 30 - Dorival Caymmi, Brazilian songwriter

May-June

• May - Arnold Gerschwiler, Swiss figure skating trainer (d. 2003)
• May 8 - Romain Gary, Russian-born writer and diplomat (d. 1980)
• May 9 - Hank Snow, Canadian country musician (d. 1999)
• May 12 - Bertus Aafjes, Dutch poet (d. 1993)
• May 12 - Howard K. Smith, American journalist (d. 2002)
• May 13 - Joe Louis, American boxer (d. 1981)
• May 13 -