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1913

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Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century
Decades: 1880s  1890s  1900s  - 1910s -  1920s  1930s  1940s

Years: 1910 1911 1912 - 1913 - 1914 1915 1916
1913 by topic:
Arts
Architecture - Art - Film - Literature
Music (Country ) - Television
Science and technology
Archaeology - Aviation
Meteorology - Rail transport - Science
By country
Australia - Canada - India
Ireland - Malaysia - New Zealand - Singapore - South Africa - UK - Wales - Zimbabwe
Other topics
Awards - Sport - Law - State leaders - Sovereign states - Religious leaders
Birth and death categories
Births - Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments - Disestablishments
Works category
Works
v • d • e

1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar).

Contents

  • 1 Events
    • 1.1 January
    • 1.2 February
    • 1.3 March
    • 1.4 April
    • 1.5 May
    • 1.6 June
    • 1.7 July
    • 1.8 August
    • 1.9 September
    • 1.10 October
    • 1.11 November
    • 1.12 December
    • 1.13 Undated
  • 2 Births
    • 2.1 January-February
    • 2.2 March-April
    • 2.3 May-June
    • 2.4 July-August
    • 2.5 September-October
    • 2.6 November-December
  • 3 Deaths
    • 3.1 January - June
    • 3.2 July - December
    • 3.3 Date unknown
  • 4 Nobel Prizes
  • 5 Ship events
  • 6 External links

Events

January

Image:Ismail Enver.jpg
Jan.23: Enver
  • January 13 - Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Incorporated, a Service Sorority, is founded on the campus of Howard University by twenty-two collegiate women.
  • January 23 - Military coup in Ottoman Empire lead by Enver Pasha, the CUP overthrew the Liberal Union coalition and introduced a military dictatorship (Coup of 1913).
  • January 30 - House of Lords rejects Irish Home Rule Bill.

February

Image:Grand Central Terminal Exterior 42nd St at Park Ave New York City.jpg
February 1: New York's Grand Central building as rebuilt (c.1911).
Image:Stamp-ctc-armory-show.jpg
February 17:Armory Show
  • February 1 - New York City's Grand Central Terminal, having been rebuilt, re-opens as the world's largest train station.
  • February 3 - The 16th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified authorizing the Federal government to impose and collect income tax.
  • February 3 - Trial of the remnants of the Bonnot gang begins.
  • February 17 - The Armory Show opens in New York City. It displays works of artists who are to become some of the most influential painters of the early 20th century.
  • February 27 - Freezing weather stops everything in Balkans.

March

Image:President Woodrow Wilson portrait December 2 1912.jpg
March 4: Wilson now President.
  • March - Outpouring of monarchist sentiment in Russia when the House of Romanov celebrates the 300th anniversary of their succession to the throne.
  • March 4 - Woodrow Wilson succeeds William Howard Taft as the 28th President of the United States.
  • March 4 - The US Department of Commerce and US Department of Labor are established by splitting the duties of the 10-year-old Department of Commerce and Labor.
  • March 4 - The first U.S. law regulating the shooting of migratory birds passed.
  • March 10 - Civil Rights activist Harriet Tubman dies of pneumonia.
  • March 12 - Canberra begins building the new federal capital of Australia.
  • March 13 - Mexican Revolution - Pancho Villa returns to Mexico from his self-imposed exile in USA.
  • March 18 - George I of Greece is assassinated.
Image:Tuggeranong-Valley-lr-cropped.jpg
March 12: Canberra begins building the new capital of Australia.
  • March 20 - Sung Chiao-jen, a founder of the Chinese nationalist party (KMT) is wounded in an assassination attempt and dies 2 days after.
  • March 25 - Venustiano Carranza announces his Plan of Guadaloupe and begins his rebellion against Victoriano Huerta's government as the head of "Constitutionals"
  • March 25 - 2 days of rain in the Miami Valley flood the region and mark the worst natural disaster in Ohio's recorded history. Dayton is especially devastated in this great flood.
  • March 26 - Balkan War: Bulgarian forces take Adrianople.

April

  • April 8 - Passing of the Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, dictating the direct election of senators.
  • April 24 - Woolworth Building opening ceremony.

May

  • May 13 - Igor Sikorsky becomes the first person to pilot a four engine aircraft.
  • May 14 - New York Governor William Sulzer approves the charter for the Rockefeller Foundation which begins operations with a $100,000,000 donation from John D. Rockefeller.
  • May 29 - Igor Stravinsky's ballet score The Rite of Spring is premiered in Paris.
  • May 30 - First Balkan War: A peace treaty is signed in London ending the war.

June

  • June - First edition of the Christian Esoteric magazine Rays from the Rose Cross in the United States; still issued bimonthly till today.
  • June 4 - Emily Davison, a suffragette, runs out in front of the king's horse, Anmer, at the Epsom Derby. She is trampled and dies a few days later, never having regained consciousness.
  • June 13 - Great Gorge and International Railway trolley and passengers are buried under the contents of an overhead garbage chute that broke in Niagara Falls, New York.
  • June 15 - Bud Bagsak Massacre: US troops under General John 'Black Jack' Pershing kill at least 2,000 relatively defenceless men, women and children, Bud Bagsak, Philippines. (Disputed: First Battle of Bud Dajo)
  • June 24 - Joseph Cook becomes the 6th Prime Minister of Australia.

July

  • July 3 - Commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg draws thousands of United States Civil War veterans and their families to Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
  • July 10 - Death Valley, California hits 134 °F (~56.7 °C) which is the highest temperature recorded in the United States (as of 2004).

August

  • August 4 - In China, province of Chungking declares independence. Chinese Republican forces crush the rebellion in a couple of weeks
  • August 10 - Division of Macedonia after the second Balkan War, according to the Treaty of Bucharest
  • August 13 - Invention of stainless steel by Harry Brearley in Sheffield.
  • August 15 - Start of Dublin Strike & Lockout, all trade union members dismissed
  • August 20 - 700 feet above Buc, France, parachutist Adolphe Pegond becomes the first person to jump from an airplane and land safely.

September

  • September 19 - Francis Ouimet wins the U.S. Open by five strokes to become the first amateur to ever win the event
  • September 23 - French aviator Roland Garros flies over the Mediterranean
  • September 29 - Rudolf Diesel disappears en route to Britain
  • September 29 - Pancho Villa is elected commander of the "Northern Division" of the Constitutionals

October

  • October 1 - Villa's troops take Torreon after a three-day battle when government troops retreat
  • October 10 - US President Woodrow Wilson triggers the explosion of the Gamboa Dike thus ending construction on the Panama Canal.
  • October 19 - Founding of the DLRG (German Life Saving Society)

November

  • November 5 - The insane king Otto of Bavaria is deposed by his cousin, Prince Regent Ludwig, who assumed the title Ludwig III.
  • November 6 - Mohandas Gandhi is arrested while leading a march of Indian miners in South Africa.
  • November 7-November 12 - The Great Lakes Storm of 1913 kills over 250.
  • November 7 - Alpha Epsilon Pi Fraternity is founded at New York University (NYU) under the Washington Square Arch.

December

  • December 1 - Ford Motor Company introduces the first moving assembly line, reducing chassis assembly time from 12½ hours in October to 2 hours, 40 minutes (although Ford was not the first to use an assembly line, his successful adoption of one did spark an era of mass production).
  • December 1 - Crete, having obtained self rule from Turkey after the first Balkan war, is annexed by Greece.
  • December 12 - Emperor of Ethiopia Menelik II dies and is succeeded by his grandson Iyasu V of Ethiopia.
  • December 12 - Vincencio Peruggia tries to sell Mona Lisa in Florence and is arrested.
  • December 21 - Arthur Wynne's "word-cross", the first crossword puzzle, is published in the New York World.
  • December 23 - The Federal Reserve is created by Woodrow Wilson.
  • December 30 - Italy returns Mona Lisa to France.

Undated

  • Female suffrage in Norway
  • British steamship Calvadas disappears in the Marmara Sea with 200 hands on board.
  • Black Chamber, forerunner of NSA, is founded.
  • de Sitter: shows speed of light is independent of speed of source.
  • Sagnac: shows speed of light depends on speed of rotating platform.
  • Painting September Morn creates a national sensation in U.S.
  • Camel Cigarettes were introduced.
  • Ela Hockaday founds The Hockaday School.
  • First publication of Journal of Ecology.
  • National Temperance Council founded to promote the temperance movement.
  • United States Soccer Federation is formed.
  • Crescent School is founded.
  • The modern zipper is invented.
  • The cities of Winston, North Carolina and Salem, North Carolina officially merged to become Winston-Salem.

Births

1913 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 1913
MCMXIII
Ab urbe condita 2666
Armenian calendar 1362
ԹՎ ՌՅԿԲ
Bahá'í calendar 69 – 70
Buddhist calendar 2457
Chinese calendar 4549/4609-11-24
(壬子年十一月廿四日)
— to —
4550/4610-12-5
(癸丑年十二月初五日)
Ethiopian calendar 1905 – 1906
Hebrew calendar 5673 – 5674
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat 1968 – 1969
 - Shaka Samvat 1835 – 1836
 - Kali Yuga 5014 – 5015
Holocene calendar 11913
Iranian calendar 1291 – 1292
Islamic calendar 1331 – 1332
Japanese calendar Taishō 2

(大正2年)

 - Imperial Year Kōki 2573
(皇紀2573年)
 - Jōmon Era 11913
Julian calendar 1958
Korean calendar 4246
Thai solar calendar 2456
v • d • e

January-February

  • January 2 - Anna Lee, English actress (d. 2004)
  • January 6 - Edward Gierek, Polish politician (d. 2001)
  • January 6 - Loretta Young, American actress (d. 2000)
  • January 9 - Richard M. Nixon, President of the United States (d. 1994)
  • January 10 - Gustáv Husák, Slovak politician (d. 1991)
  • January 15 - Lloyd Bridges, American actor (d. 1998)
  • January 18 - Danny Kaye, American actor (d. 1987)
  • January 18 - George Unwin, British fighter ace WWII (d. 2006)
  • January 22 - William Cardinal Conway, Irish clergyman (d. 1977)
  • January 22 - Carl F. H. Henry, American theologian and publisher (d. 2003)
  • January 24 - Norman Dello Joio, American composer
  • January 25 - Witold Lutosławski, Polish composer (d. 1994)
  • January 29 - Peter von Zahn, German journalist and writer (d. 2001)
  • February 2 - Poul Reichhardt, Danish actor (d. 1985)
  • February 4 - Rosa Parks, American civil rights activist (d. 2005)
  • February 6 - Mary Leakey, British anthropologist (d. 1996)
  • February 13 - George Barker, British poet (d. 1991)
  • February 14 - Mel Allen, American sports reporter (d. 1996)
  • February 14 - Jimmy Hoffa, American labor leader (disappeared 1975)
  • February 25 - Jim Backus, American actor (d. 1989)
  • February 25 - Gert Fröbe, German actor (d. 1988)
  • February 27 - Paul Ricoeur, French philosopher (d. 2005)
  • February 27 - Irwin Shaw, American writer (d. 1984)

March-April

  • March 1 - Richard S.R. Fitter, British writer (d. 2005)
  • March 2 - Godfried Bomans, Dutch writer (d. 1971)
  • March 4 - John Garfield, American actor (d. 1952)
  • March 13 - William Casey, American Central Intelligence Agency director (d. 1987)
  • March 13 - Sergey Mikhalkov, Russian writer and lyricist
  • March 13 - Smoky Dawson, Australian country singer
  • March 18 - René Clément, French film director (d. 1996)
  • March 21 - George Abecassis, English race car driver (d. 1991)
  • March 26 - Paul Erdős, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1996)
  • March 26 - Jacqueline de Romilly, French philologist
  • March 29 - R. S. Thomas, Welsh poet (d. 2000)
  • March 30 - Richard Helms, American Central Intelligence Agency director (d. 2002)
  • March 30 - Frankie Laine, American singer (d. 2007)
  • March 30 - Ċensu Tabone, Maltese politician
  • March 31 - Etta Baker, American blues musician (d. 2006)
  • April 3 - Per Borten, Premier of Norway (d. 2005)
  • April 11 - Oleg Cassini, American fashion designer (d. 2006)
  • April 13 - Fred Davis, English snooker and billiards player (d. 1998)
  • April 27 - Philip Hauge Abelson, American physicist, writer, and editor (d. 2004)

May-June

  • May 1 - Louis Nye, American comedian and actor (d. 2005)
  • May 1 - Walter Susskind, Czech conductor (d. 1980)
  • May 5 - Tyrone Power, American actor (d. 1958)
  • May 8 - Saima Harmaja, Finnish poet (d. 1937)
  • May 11 - Robert Jungk, Austrian journalist (d. 1994)
  • May 13 - William R. Tolbert, Jr., President of Liberia (d. 1980)
  • May 16 - Woody Herman, American musician and band leader (d. 1987)
  • May 20 - William Hewlett, American businessman (d. 2001)
  • May 26 - Peter Cushing, English actor (d. 1994)
  • May 29 - Tony Zale, American boxer (d. 1997)
  • June 6 - Carlo L. Golino, American scholar (d. 1991)
  • June 10 - Tikhon Khrennikov, Russian composer
  • June 11 - Vince Lombardi, American football coach (d. 1970)
  • June 18 - Robert Mondavi, American wine maker
  • June 18 - Sylvia Field Porter, American economist and journalist (d. 1991)
  • June 25 - Cyril Fletcher, British comedian (d. 2005)
  • June 28 - Franz Antel, Austrian filmmaker

July-August

  • July 12 - Philip Mayer Kaiser, United States diplomat
  • July 12 - Willis Lamb, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
  • July 14 - Gerald Ford, 38th President of the United States (d. 2006)
  • July 18 - Red Skelton, American comedian (d. 1997)
  • July 22 - Gorni Kramer, Italian bandleader and songwriter (d. 1995)
  • August 8 - John Facenda, American broadcaster and sports announcer (d. 1984)
  • August 8 - Robert Stafford, Governor of Vermont, U.S Representative and U.S. Senator. (d. 2006)
  • August 10 - Wolfgang Pauli, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1993)
  • August 13 - Makarios III, Archbishop and first President of Cyprus (d.1977)
  • August 16 - Menachem Begin, Prime Minister of Israel, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1992)
  • August 17 - Rudy York, baseball player (d. 1970)
  • August 17 - W. Mark Felt, American Federal Bureau of Investigation Associate Director and Deep Throat Watergate informant
  • August 19 - Richard Simmons, American actor (d. 2003)
  • August 20 - Roger Wolcott Sperry, American neurobiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1994)
  • August 27 - Nina Schenk von Stauffenberg, German wife of freedom fighter Claus Schenk von Stauffenberg (d. 2006)
  • August 28 - Robertson Davies, Canadian novelist (d. 1995)
  • August 28 - Richard Tucker, American tenor (d. 1975)
  • August 30 - Richard Stone, British economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991)

September-October

  • September 4 - Stanford Moore, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1982)
  • September 12 - Jesse Owens, American athlete (d. 1980)
  • September 14 - Jacobo Arbenz, President of Guatemala (d. 1971)
  • September 15 - John N. Mitchell, United States Attorney General and convicted Watergate criminal (d. 1988)
  • September 19 - Frances Farmer, American actress (d. 1970)
  • September 29 - Trevor Howard, English actor (d. 1988)
  • September 29 - Stanley Kramer, American film producer, director, and writer (d. 2001)
  • September 29 - Silvio Piola, Italian footballer (d. 1996)
  • September 30 - Bill Walsh, American movie producer and writer (d. 1975)
  • October 10 - Claude Simon, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)
  • October 22 - Robert Capa, Hungarian-born photojournalist (d. 1954)

November-December

  • November 2 - Burt Lancaster, American actor (d. 1994)
  • November 5 - Vivien Leigh, British actress (d. 1967)
  • November 7 - Albert Camus, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1960)
  • November 9 - Hedy Lamarr, Austrian actress (d. 2000)
  • November 10 - Álvaro Cunhal, Portuguese politician (d. 2005)
  • November 13 - Alexander Scourby, American actor (d. 1985)
  • November 15 - Arthur Haulot, Belgian journalist (d. 2005)
  • November 21 - John Boulting, English film director (d.1985)
  • November 21 - Roy Boulting, English film director and producer (d. 2001)
  • November 22 - Benjamin Britten, English composer (d. 1976)
  • November 25 - Lewis Thomas, American physician and essayist (d. 1993)
  • December 6 - Eleanor Holm, American swimmer (d. 2004)
  • December 8 - Delmore Schwartz, American poet (d. 1966)